A study or a discipline of gathering, writing and reporting events on various subjects through the media, which includes newspapers, magazines, television, radio etc. Plays an active 'watch-dog ' in the day to day happening. Plays an important role in nation building, simultaneously remaining as an industrial source of employment, directly or indirectly for thousands of people.

Fourth Estate.

(1) Clergy / Religious Visionaries - I
(2) Noble Men / Intellectuals - II
(3) Common People / Work Force - III
(The media is considered as the Fourth Estate).

(1) Print Media - Newspapers, Magazines, etc. (2) Electronic Media - Television, Radio, etc.

1. PRINT JOURNALISM: Gathering or collecting information on any event and after its journalistic scrutiny is printed in the form of newspapers etc.
2. BROADCAST JOURNALISM: Report of a matter/event either live or later through electronic media, TV etc.,
3. ON LINE JOURNALISM: Disseminating or sharing of information gathered, through the "internet" of the computers. The fastest way to reach the farthest place possible.
4.SPORTS JOURNALISM: Covering and reporting of sporting events. Only knowledgeable persons (or a sportsman himself) who can criticize and contribute alone can report in a fair manner.
5. SCIENCE JOURNALISM: Reporting of science related matters / articles including medical science. One need not be an expert but should be able to analyze, understand and report it properly.
6. INVESTIGATIVE JOURNALISM: An important aspect of journalism, which reports on any illegal, immoral, and unethical attitude of a person/organization. This type of journalism which has to be authentic, involves, traveling, establishing sources, documentation and at times risky. But certainly worth the pains as it brings to light the bad elements of the society. Journalists also get due recognition.
7. CELEBRITY JOURNALISM: Reporting on the personal lives of people who are celebrities  in their own field. Such reporting increases readership or viewer ship of the respective media.
8. GONZO JOURNALISM: Popularized American writer Hunter S. Thompson, but not a very popular one to be adopted as it is characterized by its punchy style, rough language, and ostensible disregard for journalistic ethics.
9. AMBUSH JOURNALISM: Refers to aggressive tactics practiced by journalists to suddenly confront with questions, who otherwise do not wish to speak to journalists.
10.GOTCH JOURNALISM: Refers to the deliberate manipulation of the presentation of facts in a report, in order to portray an individual or an organization in a particular way that varies from accuracy.
11.YELLOW JOURNALISM: That features scandal mongering, sensationalism, jingoism or other unethical or unprofessional practices by news media organizations or individual journalists.
12.FASHION JOURNALISM: Reporting on the latest developments in the fashion world.
13.PARACHUTE JOURNALISM: Reporting by inexperienced journalists, leading to inaccurate or distorted reports.
14.CITIZEN JOURNALISM: Citizen Journalism: Also called "Participatory Journalism", where citizens play an active role in collecting, reporting, analyzing and disseminating news and information.
15.ADVOCACY JOURNALISM: A fact based and supports a specific point of view on an issue.
16.ENVIRONMENTAL JOURNALISM: Collection, verification, production and exhibition of information regarding current events, trends, issues and people that are associated with the non-human world with which humans necessarily interact.
17.VIDEO JOURNALISM: A form of broadcast journalism, where the production of video content which the journalists shoot, edit and present it with the issue material.

The collective effort of the following is essential: (1) Journalists, (2) Reporters, (3) Editors, (4) News Presenter, (5) Photojournalists, (6) Columnists, (7) Visual journalists and a host of other professionals.

Famous Indian Journalists:
1.M.J.Akbar: Founder "Asian Age", Editor in chief of "The Deccan Chronicles", Hyderabad.
2.Amid Verma: Columnist. Hindustan Times - Consultant "Cricinfo".
3.Aniruddha Bahl: Founder/Editor in chief of Cobra Post. Wrote "Banker 13" espionage thriller - exposed Defence Deal corruption through "Operation West End" - and through "Operation Duryodhan" exposed MPs taking bribe for talking questions.
4.Sambit Bal: Editor Cricinfo - Website, Editor "Cricinfo" magazine - both owned by Wisden.
5.Barkha Dutt: NDTV journalist - coverage of Kargil War - Kashmir politics - "We The People" her famous Talk Show.
6.Shekar Kupta: CEO/Indian Express Group. "Walk The Talk"/NDTV is his famous Talk show.
7.C.R.Irani: Editor in chief "The Stalioueas" His opposition to "the Emergency" and "Press Censorship" during Indira Gandhi's resign is noteworthy.
8.Swaminathan Aiyer: Economic Journalist consulting editor "The Economic Times"
9.Thomas Jacob: Editorial Director of Malayala Manorama/Kerala.
10.Manoj Joshi: Editor - Hindustan Times.
11.M.V.Kamath: Former Chairman Prachar Bharati, Editor of "Illustrated Weekly of India"
12.Harish Khare: Political Editor "The Hindu"
13.Nidhi Kulpathi: NDTV Journalist.
14.Kunal Pradhan: Sport Editor/Mumbai Mirror.
15.Rajiv Mishra: Broadcast/Media Professional. Founder of Electronic media rating council - His methodology in media rating has been recognized worldwide.
16.Chandan Mitra: Editor & MD - the Pioneer.
17.Khalid Mohammad: Film journalist / Hindustan Times - He is also screen writer, film director.
18.Seema Mustafa: Political Editor / Asian Age.
19.Q.W.Naqvi: Editorial Director "Aaj Tak" Television news channel.
20.Vineet Narain: Journalist and anti-corruption activist. He was instrumental in exposing the Hawala Scandal in the 1990s.
21.Rajan Narayan: Editor "Goan Observer"
22.Nidhi Razdan: NDTV journalist.
23.Prabhu Chawla: Editor "India Today"
24.Aroon Purie: Founder & Editor in chief of "India Today"
25.Rajdeep Sardesai: Formerly of NDTV - now the Head of his own company "Global Broadcast News" - his famous programme on NDTV was "The Big Fight" - he is the son of former Indian Cricketer Dilip Sardesai.
26.Narasimhan Ram: N.Ram - Editor in chief of "The Hindu" and other publications like Frontline, Sportstar.
27.Smriti Rao: NDTV journalist.
28.Dr.Prannoy Roy: Founder & President of NDTV. Specializes in covering elections "The World This Week" was his famous TV show.
29.Phalgummi Sainath: A famous photo journalist on social problems. Grand son of former Indian President V.V.Giri. Described as "One of the world's greatest exports on famine & hunger" by Amartya Sen.
30.Vir Sanghvi: Editorial Director of Hindustan Times.
31.Shankarshan Thakur: Executive Editor of Tehelka.
32.Shereen Bahn: CNBC- TV18 - Associate Editor (Political Affairs) "We The People" for Star TV was her famous show.
33.Karan Thapar: President, Infotainment, Television - famous for his aggressive TV interviews of famous personalities.
34.Arun Shourie: He was Editor of Indian Express. He was also a minister during NDA regime.
35.Khushwant Singh: A famous journalist of yester years. He became famous as an editor of Illustrated Weekly of India. He also wrote a few books.
36.Mohan Sivanand: Editor of "Readers Digest" Indian Edition.
37.Chitra Subramaniam: A noted journalist for her exposure of "Bofors Scandal".
38.TVR Shenoy: Eminent journalist and columnist of India.
39.Rajan Bala: A famous sports journalist.
40.S.Mohan: Sport journalist of repute.
41.Siddharth Varadarajan: The "Hindu". His famous reports were NATO war against Yugoslavia, destruction of Bamiyan 42.Buddhas in Afghanistan by Talibans, War in Iraq etc.
43.Vikram Chandra: CEO - NDTV.com and Senior Editor of NDTV.
44.Vinot Mehta: Editor in chief - Outlook.
and many more.

1. Asian College of Journalism. Bengaluru, Chennai.
2. Makhanlal Chaturvedi National University of Journalism, Bhopal.
3. Symbiosis Institute of Mass Communication, Pune.
4. Indian Institute of Mass Communication, Delhi.
5. International Institute of Mass Media, New Delhi.
6. Manipal Institute of Communication, Manipal.
7. Bhavan's School of Journalism.
8. Xavier Institute of Mass Communication, Mumbai.
9. Amity School of Communication, Noida.
10. Number of universities across the country.

During the later half of the 19th century and early 20th century when the thought of freedom sparked in the minds of Indian people, when communication became a necessity.

Vernacular Press Act.

A paper publication carrying various news items, worthy of dissemination among the mass at an affordable price. It may be daily or otherwise, may be in English or any vernacular language of the region concerned. It is a daily issue.

FRONT PAGE : Important World / country or Regional news of importance or events.
CENTRE SPREAD : Editorial on any specific issue under scrutiny either national or international and other global political or other issues.
REGIONAL NEWS : Covering of state or regional news.
BUSINESS PAGE : Business developments, transactions, Share Markets, Bullion Rates, Industrial products or takeovers, etc.
SPORTS PAGE: World, Country and Regional sporting events.
Besides these a host of other items like sensational news, religion, television, crime, books, cinema, etc are included.

Magazines are generally in book form, of different sizes, published weekly, fortnightly or even monthly, mostly contributing to stories, cinema, sports, fashion, electronics, jokes, comics, religion, etc with caricatures, cartoons, pictures, photos. Generally carries individually contributed articles. They normally have more regional readership, excepting certain English magazines. They are huge in number.

TABLOID: 23.5 * 14.75 inches / 597 * 375 mm.
BROAD SHEET : Generally 29.5 * 23.5 inches. This is the general specification used in almost all countries, with slight variations. In our country, 27 * 21.5 inches (full spread) are generally used or followed.
BERLINER: Slightly bigger than "Tabloid" - 18.5 * 12.4 inches / 470 mm * 315 mm.
COMPACT: It is not a standard size. It is a tabloid printed in broad sheet quality paper. A general term used in Britain and few other countries.

The Relation: By Johan Corollous, Straussburg, Germany is recognized as the world's first newspaper by the World Association of Newspapers.

Bengal Gazette - 27.1.1780 by J.A.Hickey, Calcutta.

1. Belfast Newsletter: UK - published from 1737 - oldest surviving newspaper. 2. Postoch Inrikes Tidningar: Sweden published continuously from 1645.

Mumbai Samachar - 1822 - Gujarati.

Times of India - 1838 - Mumbai.

Calcutta Review - 1844.

An organization made up of 76 National Newspapers Associations, 12 News Agencies and 10 Regional Press organizations etc. Founded in 1948. The association takes care of (1) Press Freedom; (2) Development of Newspapers and Magazines around the world and (3) Promote Cooperation amongst its members. It also administers the "Golden Pen for Freedom Award" for journalists for defending and promoting the freedom of the press.

An organization which audits circulation, readership, audience information for the magazines, newspapers and other publications. It certifies the number of copies circulated by each publication. A few countries are having their own organization.In India, it was established in 1948 and is headquartered at Mumbai.

Mumbai Samachar - Gujarati - 1822 - Founded by Fardumjee Marazban.

Indonesia.

Indian Opinion.

Madame Bhikaji at UK.

Harijan - released first on 11.2.1933.

Newspaper editors - by World Association of Newspapers and News Publishers to journalists who defend and promote press freedom.

Associated Press of India.

The Weekly Herald.

The Telegraph.

Sudharma - from Karnataka - also available on internet.

NEWS AGENCIES:
There are four news agencies, viz:
Press Trust of India (PTI) - set up in 1947
United News of India (UNI) - set up in 1961
Samachar Bharati
Hindustan Samachar
Hindi news service of UNI is called "Univarta" which was started in 1982. Similar news service by PTI called "Bhasha" which was launched in 1986. In addition to the above news agencies, there are several news agencies which supply news to the media, some of which are:
News and Features Alliance (INFA)
Indian Press Agency (IPA)
Near and Far Eastern India News Agency (EINS)
Indian East News (NAFFN)
News Features of India (NFI)
All India Radio (AIR):Started in early 1920s, the first programme was broadcasted in 1923 by the Radio Club of India. This was followed by setting up two broadcasting services in 1927 with two privately-owned transmitters at Bombay, Calcutta. The government took over the transmitters in 1930 and started operating them under the name of Indian Broadcasting Service.
Important Foreign News Agencies:
Reuters - UK
Associated Press (AP)
International News Service (INS) - USA
United Press International (UPI)
United Press of America (UPA)
Near and Far East News Agency
Agence France Presse (AFP) - France
Potka Agencia Prasova - Poland
Ceteka - Czech Republic
Xinhua New China News Agency - China
Antara - Indonesia
Arab News Agency - Africa
TASS - Russia.

COUNTRIES AND ENGLISH NEWS PAPERS:
AUSTRALIA: The Age Sydney Morning Herald
ARGENTINA: Buenos Aires Herald
AUSTRIA: Kronen Zeitang
BANGLADESH:The Daily Independent, New Age, The Bangladesh Observer
BHUTAN:The Daily Star, Kuensel
CAMBODIA:Phnom Penh Post
CHINA: Global Times, Dahe Daily, Xinhua, China Daily, Guangzhou Daily, People's Daily
CUBA: Granma Internacional
CZECH REPUBLIC: The Prague Post
DENMARK: The Copenhagen Post
EGYPT: Al Ahram
FRANCE: Le Monde Diplomatique
FINLAND: Helsingin Sanomat
GEORGIA: The Georgian Times
GREECE: Kathimerini
IRAN: IRIB News
GERMANY: Bild
IRELAND: Limerick Post
IRAQ: Azzaman
ISRAEL: Jerusalem Post
ITALY: Corriere della Sera, La RepublicaIndonesia
INDONESIA: Rakyat Merdeka
JAPAN: Shimbun Akahata, Sports Nippon, Hokkaido Shimbun, Chunichi Sports, Nishinippon Shimbun, Asahi Shimbun, Yomiuri Shimbun
JAMAICA :Jamaica Gleaner
JORDAN: Jordan Times
KENYA: The Standard
LATVIA: Baltic Times
LEBANON: Lebanon Daily Star
MYANMAR: New Light of Myanmar
MALAYSIA: The Star, Daily Express
NEW ZEALAND: The New Zealand Herald
NORWAY: Norway Post
NAMIBIA: The Namibian
PHILIPPINES:Daily Tribune, Manila Bulletin, Manila Times
POLAND: The Warsaw Voice, Fakt
PAKISTAN: Daily Times, Dawn, The Nation, The Post, The News International, The Statesman, The Star,
QATAR: Al Jazeera
ROMANIA:Nine O' Clock
RUSSIA: St Petersburg Times, Moscow News My Paper, Business Times, Moscow Times, Pravda, Komsomolskaya Pravda, Moskovskij Komsomolets,Izvestia
SINGAPORE: The New Paper, The Straits Times, Today
SOUTH AFRICA: The Star, Daily Mirror, Daily News,
SRI LANKA: The Island, Lakbima News, The Nation.
SLOVAKIA: The Slovak Spectator
SOUTH KOREA: The Chosun Ilbo, Jhoon Ang Ilbo, Han Kook Ilbo, Maeil, Economic Daily
TURKEY: Zaman
THAILAND: Thai Rath, Kom Chad Leuk
TAIWAN:Bangkok Post, Liberty Times, The China Post
TRINIDAD: Trinidad Guardian
TANZANIA: The Arusha Times
UNITED KINGDOM: The Sun, Daily Mail, The Times, Daily Star, Manchester Guardian, The Daily Mirror
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA: New York Times, USA Today, Washington Post, New York Post, Wall Street Journal
UGANDA: The Monitor
UKRAINE: Kiev Post
YEMEN: Yemen Times
ZAMBIA: Times of Zambia
ZIMBABWE: The Independent

BOOK	AUTHOR
A Farewell to Arms	Earnest Hemingway
A Million mutinies	V.S.Naipaul
A Tale of Two Cities	Charles Dickens
A Passage To India	E.M.Forster
A Mid-summer Night's Dream	William Shakespeare
Adventures of Sherlock Holmes	Arthur Conan Doyle
A Prisoner's Scrapbook	L.K.Advani
Ain-i-Akbari	Abul Fazl
Akbarnama	Abul Fazl
A Thousand Suns	Dominique Lapierre
Alice in Wonderland	Lewis Carroll
All the President's Men	Carl Bernstein & Bob Woodward
All the Prime Minister's Men	Janardhan Thakur
All is Well That Ends Well	William Shakespeare
An Idealist View of Life	Dr.S.Radhakrishnan
A Week with Gandhi	Louis Fischer
Adventures of Tom Sawyer	Mark Twain
All the King's Men	Robert Penn Warren
Anand Math	Bankim Chandra Chatterjee
Antony & Cleopatra	William Shakespeare
A Suitable Boy	Vikram Seth
Animal Farm	George Orwell
Anna Karenina	Leo Tolstoy
Around the World in 80 Days	Jules Verne
As You Like It	William Shakespeare
Arabian Nights	Sir Richard Burton
Arms and The Man	George Bernard Shaw
Arthashastra	Kautilya
Ascent to Everest	Sir John Hunt
A Bunch of Old Letters	Jawaharlal Nehru
An Idealist View of Life	Dr.S.Radhakrishnan
A Town Called Malgudi	R.K.Narayan
Audacity of Hope	Barrack Obama

BOOK	AUTHOR
Beginning of the Beginning	Bhagwan Rajneesh
Ben Hur	Lewis Wallace
Born Free	Joy Adamson
Bread, Beauty & Revolution	K.A.Abbas
Breakthrough	Genl.Moshe Dayan
Babur Nama	Babur
Birth and Death of the Sun	George Bernard Shaw
Broken Wing	Sarojini Naidu
By God's Decrees	Kapil Dev

BOOK	AUTHOR
C
Caesar and Cleopatra	George Bernard Shaw
Candida	George Bernard Shaw
Catch - 22	Joseph Heller
Chemmeen (Malayalam)	Thakazhi Sivasankaran Pillai
Chitra	Rabindranath Tagore
Chithirapavai - Tamil	Akilan
City of Joy	Dominique Lapierre
Comedy of Errors	William Shakespeare
Canterbury Tales	Geoffrey Chaucer
Coolie	Mulk Raj Anand
Conquest of Self	Mahatma Gandhi
Count of Monte Cristo	Alexander Dumas
Crisis into Chaos	E M S Namboothiripad
City, the Beloved Country	Allan Paton
Confessions of a Lover	Mulk Raj Anand
Chinese Betrayal	B.N.Malik
Confessions of a Swadeshi	Yashwant Sinha

BOOK	AUTHOR
Danger in Darjeeling	Satyajit Ray
Das Capital	Karl Marx
David Copperfield	Charles Dickens
Death of a City	Amrita Pritam
Debacle	Emile Zola
Decline & Fall of Roman Empire	Edward Gibbon
Descent of Man	Charles Darwin
Devdas	Sarat Chandra Chatterjee
Dilemma of Our Time	Harold Joseph Laski
Discovery of India	Jawaharlal Nehru
Divine Comedy	Dante Alighieri
Divine Life	Swami Sivananda
Dr. Zhivago	Boris Pasternak
Doctor's Dilemma	George Bernard Shaw
Don Juan	Lord Byron
Don Quixote	Miguel de Cervanter
Dr. Jekyll & Mr. Hyde	R.L.Stevenson
Durgesh Nandhini	Bankim Chandra Chatterji

BOOK	AUTHOR
Earth	Emile Zola
Emma	Jane Austen
Ends and Means	Aldous Huxley
Eternal Himalayas	Maj.H.P.S.Ahluwalia
Ethics for the New Millenium	Dalai Lama
Expanding Universe	Arthur Stanley Eddington
Essays for Poor to the Rich	John Kenneth Galbraith
Experiments with Untruth	Michael Anderson
Eighteen Fifty Seven	S.N.Sen

BOOK	AUTHOR
Family Matters	Rohinton Mistry
Family Reunion	T.S.Eliot
Far From the Madding Crowd	Thomas Hardy
Farewell the Trumpets	James Morris
Freedom at Midnight	Larry Collins & Dominique Lapierre
For whom the Bell Tolls	Ernest Hemingway
Friends and Foes	Sheikh Mujibur Rehman
From Here to Eternity	James Jones
Faces of Everest	Maj.H.P.S.Ahluwalia
Freedom from Fear	Aung San Su Kyi

BOOK	AUTHOR
Gandhi and Stalin	Louis Fisher
Gardner	Rabindranath Tagore
Ganadevata	Tarashankar Bandhopadhyay
Gathering Storm	Winston Churchill
Gitanjali	Rabindranath Tagore
Glimpses of World History	Jawaharlal Nehru
Godaan	Prem Chand
Golden Threshold	Sarojini Naidu
Gone with the Wind	Margaret Michell
Good Earth	Pearl S.Buck
Gulliver's Travels	Jonathan Swift
Gypsy Masala	Preethi Nair
Gulag Archipelago	Alexander Solzhenitysyn
Guide	R.K.Narayan
Great Expectations	Charles Dicken
Grammar of Politics	Harold Joseph Laski
Good Bye Mr. Chips	James Hilton
Geet Govinda	Jayadev
Geeta Rahasya	Bala Gangadhar Tilak
Gora	Rabindranath Tagore
Great Illusion	Norman Angell

BOOK	AUTHOR
Hamlet	William Shakespeare
Harry Poter Series	J.K.Rowling
Heir Apparent	Dr.Karan Singh
Himalayan Blunder	Brig.J.P.Dalvi
Hindu View of Life	Dr.S.Radhakrishnan
Harsha Charita	Bana Bhatt
Heroes and Hero Worship	Thomas Carlyle
Homage to Catalonia	George Orwell
Hunchback of Notre Dame	Victor Hugo
Hungary Stones	Rabindranath Tagore
House Divided	Pearl S.Buck
Human Factor	Graham Greene

BOOK	AUTHOR
Idols	Sunil Gavaskar
Ideas and Opinions	Albert Einstein
I Follow the Mahatma	K.M.Munshi
If I am Assasinated	Z.A.Bhutto
Ignited Minds	A P J Abdul Kalam
In Memoriam	Alfred Lord Tennyson
In Search of Gandhi	Richard Attenborough
India in the New Millennium	Dr.P.C.Alexander
India Discovered	John Keay
India Divided	Rajendra Prasad
India - Emerging Power	Stephen Philip Cohen
India - Another Millennium	Romila Thapar
India of Our Dreams	M.V.Kamath
India Wins Freedom	Abul Kalam Azad
India - Priceless Heritage	N.A.Palkhiwala
Indian Philosophy	Dr.S.Radhakrishnan
Interpreter of Maladies	Jumpi Lahiri
Invisible Man	H.G.Wells
Is New York Burning?	Larry Collins & Dominique Lapiere
Is Paris Burning?	Larry Collins & Dominique Lapiere
Isabella	John Keats
Idiot, The	Fyodor Dostoyevsky
India from Curzon to Nehru and After	Durga Das
Indian Home Rule	M.K.Gandhi
India - China War	Neville Maxwell
Indira's India	Nihal Singh

BOOK	AUTHOR
Jane Eyre	Charlotte Bronte
Julius Caesar	William Shakespeare
Jungle Book	Rudyard Kipling
Jurassic Park	Michael Chrichton
Judegment, the	Kuldip Nayyar

Kapala kundala	Bankim Chandra Chatterjee
Kamasutra	Vatsyayana
Kane and Abel	Jeffrey Archer
Kashmir - a Tragedy of Errors	Tavleen Singh
Kayar (Malayalam)	Thakazhi Sivasankaran Pillai
Kidnapped	R.L.Stevenson
Kim	Rudyard Kipling
King Lear	William Shakespeare
Kulrla Khan	Sameul Taylor Coleridge
Kadambari	Bhana Bhatt
Kumar Sambhava	Kalidas
King of Dark Chamber	Rabindranath Tagore

BOOK	AUTHOR
Lady Chatterby's Lover	D.H.Lawrence
Lajja	Taslima Nasreen
Les Miserables	Victor Hugo
Life Divine	Sir Aurobindo Ghosh
Loliva	Vladimir Nabakov
Long Walk to Freedom	Nelson Mandela
Lord of the Flies	William Golding
Love Story	Eric Segall
Light that Failed	Rudyard Kipling
Lipika	Rabindranath Tagore

BOOK	AUTHOR
Malgudi Days`	R.K.Narayan
Macbeth	William Shakespeare
Mahatma Gandhi and his Apostles	Ved Mehta
Mahatma Gandhi	Romain Roland
Man and Superman	George Bernard Shaw
Man Eater of Kumaon	Jim Corbett
Mein Kampf	Adolf Hitler
Memories of Hope	Genl.Charles De Gaulle
Men are from Mars, Women are From Venus	John Gray
Midnight's Children	Salman Rushdie
Moley Dick	Hermann Melville
Mother India	Katherine Mayo
Mother	Maxim Gorky
Much Ado About Nothing	William Shakespeare
My Days	R.K.Narayan
My Life	Bill Clinton
My Life and Times	V.V.Giri
My Music, My Life	Pt.Ravi Shankar
My Presidential Years	R.Venkataraman
My Truth	Indira Gandhi
Major Barbara	George Bernard Shaw
Marriage and Mortals	Bertrand Russel
Meghdoot	Kalidas
Men Who Killed Gandhi, The	Manohar Malgonkar
Merchant of Venice	William Shakespeare
Mudra Rakshas	Visakhadutta
My Experiments with Truth	Mahatma Gandhi
My China Diary	Narwar Singh

BOOK	AUTHOR
Nana	Emile Zola
Nice Guys Finish Second	B.K.Nehru
Nineteen Eighty Four	George Orwell
No Full Stops in India	Mark Tully
Naganandan	King Harshavardhan
Nehru: The Making of India	M.J. Akbar
Netaji: Dead or Alive	Samar Guha
Non Violence in Pease and War	Mahatma Gandhi

BOOK	AUTHOR
Oh! Jerusalem	Larry Collins & Dominique Lapierre
Of Human Bondage	Somerset Maugham
Oliver Twist	Charles Dickens
Operation Blue Star	Lt.Gen K.S.Brar
Othello	William Shakespeare
Our Films, Their Films	Satyajit Ray
Origin of Species	Charles Darwin

BOOK	AUTHOR
Pakistan Cut to Size	D.R.Manekar
Pakistan - The Gathering Storm	Benazir Bhutto
Pancha Tantra	Vishnu Sharma
Paradise Lost	John Milton
Paradise Regained	John Milton
Pather Panchali	Bibhuti Bhushan
Plain Speaking	Chandra Babu Naidu
Post Office	Rabindranath Tagore
Prelude	William Wordsworth
Pride and Prejudice	Jane Austen
Principia Mathematica	Bertrand Russel
Prison Diary	Jaiprakash Narayan
Profiles in Courage	John F.Kennedy
Pygmalion	George Bernard Shaw
Patriot, The	Pearl S. Buck
Pickwick Papers	Charles Dickens
Principia	Isaac Newton
Poverty and Famines	Dr.Amartya Sen

BOOK	AUTHOR
Robertson's Ruby	Satyajit Ray
Raghuvamsa	Kalidas
Ramayana	Maharishi Valmiki
Rebecca	Rebecca
Robinson Crusoe	Daniel Defoe
Romeo & Juliet	William Shakespeare
Ramacharitamanas	Tulsidas
Ranghbhoomi	Premchand
Rape of Bangladesh	Anthony Mascarenhas
Ratnavali	Harsha Vardhan
Reminiscences of Nehru Age	M.O.Mathai
Repubilc,	The Plato
Revenue Stamp,	The Amrita Pritam
Ritu Samhara	Kalidas
Rubaiyat - 1 Omar Khayyam	Edward Fitzgerald
Riddles in Hinduism	B.R.Ambedkar

BOOK	AUTHOR
Self Restraint Versus Self Indulgence	Mahatma Gandhi
Shape of Things to Come	H.G.Wells
She Stoops to Conquer	Oliver Goldsmith
Siddharta	Hermann Hesse
Small is Beautiful	Ernst Schumacher
Sons and Lovers	D.H.Lawrence
Swami and Friends	R.K.Narayan
Satanic Verses,	The Salman Rushdie
Savithri	Sir Aurobindo Ghosh
Shakuntala	Kalidas
Shame	Salman Rushdie
Song of India	Sarojini Naidu
St. Joan	George Bernard Shaw
Sunny Days	Sunil Gavaskar
Sahibs Who Loved India	Kushwant Singh

BOOK	AUTHOR
Talisman	Sir Walter Scott
Tarzan of the Apes	Edgar Rice Burroughs
Tempest	William Shakespeare
Thank You, Jeeves	P.G.Wodehouse
The Adventures of Sherlock	P.G.Wodehouse
Holmes	Arthur Conan Doyle
The Agony and Ecstasy	Irwing Stone
The Apple Cart	George Bernard Shaw
The Art of Happiness	Dalai Lama
The Cancer Ward	Alexander Solzhenitzyn
The Court Dancer	Rabindranath Tagore
The Da Vinci Code	Dan Brown
The Fifth Horseman	Larry Collins & Dominique Lapierre
The Fury	Salman Rushdie
The God of Small Things	Arundhati Roy
The Golden Gate	Vikram Seth
The God Father	Maria Puzo
The Moon and Six Pence	Somerset Maugham
The Moon's Last Sigh	Salman Rushdie
The Name Sake	Jhumpa Lahiri
The Otheside of Midnight	Sydney Sheldon
The Painted Veil	Somerset Maugham
The Road Ahead	Bill Gates
The Second World War	Winston Churchill
The Struggle and the Triumph	Lech Walesa
The Testament	John Grisham
The Total Zone	Martina Navratilova
The Vendor of Sweets	R.K.Narayan
The Vicar of Wake Field	Oliver Goldsmith
The Waste Land	T.S.Eliott
The Thirteenth Sun	Amrita Pritam
Time Machine	H.G.Wells
Train to Pakistan	Khushwant Singh
Treasure Island	R.L.Stevenson
Twelfth Night	Shakespeare
Two Leaves and a Bud	Mulk Raj Anand
To Live or Not to Live	Nirad C. Choudhary
Triumph	John Kenneth Galbraith
Twenty Years After	Alexander Dumas
The Bride's Book of Beauty	Mulk Raj Anand
The Fire and The Rain	Girish Karnad
The Man Who Divided India	Rafiq Zakaria

BOOK	AUTHOR
Ulysses	James Joyce
Unto the Last	John Ruskin
Utopia	Thomas Roe
Unhappy India	Lala Lajpat Rai
Uttar Ramcharita	Bhavabhuti

BOOK	AUTHOR
Valley of the Dools,	The Jacquline Susaan
Vanity Fair	William Thackeray
View from the UN	U Thant
Vinay Patrika	Tulsidas
Vish Vriksha	Bankim Chandra Chatterjee

BOOK	AUTHOR
Waiting for the Mahatma	R.K.Narayan
Wake Up India	Annie Beasant
War and Peace	Leo Tolstoy
Wings of Fire	APJ Abdul Kalam
War of Indian Independence	Vir Savarkar
War of the Worlds	H G Wells
We Indians	Kushwant Singh
Worshippng False Gods	Arun Shourie

Hiraka Sutra - A Chinese book from a Sanskrit treatise. Printed around 868 AD. Also called "Diamond Sutra".

Bible. Called the "Gutenberg Bible", printed in Germany by Johannes Gutenberg who invented the mechanical printer.

Bible.

Bible.

Super Book - Weighing 252 kg in the size of 270  x 300 cm, at Denver, Colorado - USA in 1976.

"Les Hommes De Bonne Volonte" meaning "Man of Goodwill" by Louis Henri Jean Farigovle of France in 1885, in 27 volumes. Its English version was published in 1933 in 14 volumes with 4959 pages.

Mrs.Mary Faulkner (Kathleen Lindsay) Africa - 904 novels. (Enid Blyton comes second with 800 books)

1.Old King Cole - A children's story book measuring 1 x 1 mm(0.04 inches wide) published in 1985 at Strathclyde,Scotland . The uniqueness of the book is that the pages can be turned only with the tip of a needle.
2. "The World's Smallest Book" - is also another smallest book recorded. It was Edited by German typographer Josua Reichert - measuring 2.4mm x 2.9mm. It comes with a magnifying glass for reading.

A book produced by Peter Troendle of Basic, Switzerland, with a cover size only 5 * 4.5 cm but the thickness is 2.75 m.

"The Gospel Book of Henry The Lion" in 226 leaf manuscript was paid a price of 8.14 million pounds.

A 1600 year old "Coptic Psalter", 490 page book of Psalms, discovered in 1984 from the grave of a 12 year old girl from a Christian cemetery, south of Cairo, Egypt. The book dates back to the late 4th century and was displayed on 14.9.1992. The pages measured 17 x  13 cm and the book was tucked like a pillow under the girl's head.

Vikram Seth - India for his book "A suitable Boy". He was paid 250000 pounds by Phoenix House, England and 600000 dollars by Harper Collins of USA.

Atharva Veda: 1000 BC. A treatise on health, longevity and curative treatment from India.

Huangdi Neiching - 450 BC.

"Anand Math" by Bankim Chandra Chattarjee.

"Artha Shastra" by Kautilya.

Ain-i-Akbari by Abul Fazal.

Gitanjali. It is a collection of poems - 1913.

Guide.

"Satanic Verses". It was also banned in India in October 1989.

Translated into English by Humayun Kabir Azad desired that 30 specific pages of his manuscript be kept unpublished until 40 years of Indian Independence. Accordingly it was kept sealed in the museums of Kolkata and Delhi. In 1989 the publishers obtained Supreme Court's permission for inclusion of  those pages in the fresh prints.

French Revolution.

My Experiments with Truth.

The book was based on the communist society in Russia. Due to the pressure exerted on him by the Russian government, he had to decline it.

What is Justice?

Taslima Nasreen for her book "Lajja".

Jinnah: India-Partition-Independence.

Mein Kampf.

Bibliophile. Colloquially called Bookworm.

Papyrus - Paper like material produced from the pith (soft spongy substance of a plant) of papyrus plant.

Papyrus sheets glued together to make a lengthy roll for writing.

Wood Blocks: A way of hand printing with letters or images carved into blocks of wood. The "Diamond Sutra" is the oldest known printed book in this form in 868 CE during the Tang Dyansty, China.

HARD COVER : Books with very hard covers to increase their shelf life, with quality papers.
PAPER BACK : Books with paper covers only which have lesser shelf life and thus the paper used for printing also differs in quality and make it cheaper.

Nobel Literature (see under awards)

JNANPITH: Sponsored by Sahu Jain family of Times of India group from 1961 carrying a prize money of Rs.7 lacs, citation plague, and a bronze statue of Goddess "Vagdevi" of knowledge.

Sankara Kurup of Kerala in 1965 for his book "Odakkuzhal".

Sahitya Akademy - from 1954 (See Awards)

Rabindranath Tagore - 1913.

Year	Language	Book	Author
1955	Assamese	Bana Phul	Jatindranath Dowerah
1955	Bengali	Shreshtha Kavitha	Jibanananda Das
1970	Dogri	Nile Ambar Kala Badal	Narendra Khajuria
1960	English	The Guide	R.K.Narayan
1955	Gujarati	Mahadev Bhai Diary	Mahadev Desai
1955	Hindi	Him Tarangini	Makhanlal Chaturvedi
1955	Kannada	Sri Ramayana	Darshanam Kuvempu
1977	Konkani	Himalayant	Ravindra Kelekar
1955	Malayalam	Bhasha Sahitya Charitram	R.Narayana Panikkar
1973	Manipuri	Pacha Meetei	Imphal Amasung Magi
		Nungshiki	Philam Ishing
1955	Marathi	Vaidik Sanskruticha Vikas	Laxman Shastri Joshi
1977	Nepali	Nepali Upanyas Ka Aadharharu	Indra Bahadur Rai
1957	Oriya	Dilip	Upendra Mohanty
1974	Rajasthani	Batan Ri Phulwari Vol X	Vijayadhan Detha.
1956	Sanskrit	History of Dharma Shastra	P.V.Kane
1955	Tamil	Tamil Inbam	R.P.Sethu Pillai
1955	Telugu	Andhrula Sanghike Charitamu	Suravaram Pratap Reddy
1955	Urduv	Maal Aur Mashiyat	Zaffar Hussain Khan.

Yongle Dadian - 11095 Volumes in 22877 Chapters.

Jeffrey Archer.

Russian life set against the background of Napoleon's invasions.

Michaelangelo

The Summer of the Shark.

"G" by John Berger - 1952.

Telugu - A medical book on "Clinical Trial Participation" by pressing a button, the user ears hear the text in the book. The book is brought out by the World Medical Association, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences and Pfizer India Ltd.

Iceland.

The Comedy of Errors.

The God of Small Things.

Seventh.

Little Red Book.

All Is Well That Ends Well

A book which has the names of persons deserving punishment.

India.

"Silent Spring" by Richard Carson.

They describe the level of security to be provided for the VIPs.

In all its 300 pages, the alphabet 'e' does not find a place, written in 165 days and the most irony is that, he died on the day the book was published.

23rd April - William Shakespeare, Miguel de Cervanter, and Garcilaso de la Vega.

Un British Rule in India.

"Riding the Bullet" by Stephen King.

Mark Twain.

Gujarati - Mahadev Desai, secretary of Gandhiji translated it in English.

N.A.Palkiwala.

Tale of Genji in Japanese.

"Corridor" by Sarath Bannerji. Jehangir Rangoonwala is the hero of this book.

Liza of Lambeth.

Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala.

Sarojini Naidu.

Sir Richard Attenborough.

Victor Hugo.

About CIA's mistakes.

1.Blue Book - Official report of British Government.
2.Green Book - Official publication of Italy and Iran.
3.Grey Book - Official report of Japan and Belgium Government.
4.Orange Book - Official publication of Netherlands.
5.White Book - Official publication of Germany, Portugal & China.
6.Yellow Book - Official Book of the French.

In a smaller sense, it is a centre of collection of books and in the large sense, it is a centre of collection of informative books, sources, resources and services, arranged and organized for use of all type of public. "Library Science" is the study of graduate and masters level.

1.NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY : New York, USA - established in 1895 - employs about 650 people - one of the leading libraries of the world and USA's most significant research library.
2. RUSSIAN NATIONAL LIBRARY : St. Petersburg, Russia. Established in 1795, the oldest Russian library, as Imperial Public Library and became Russian National Library in 1814.
3. BRITISH LIBRARY : London - One of the world's most significant research library. It has a collection of about 25 million books. In its present identity, it was established in 1972 from the fold of British museum.
4. NATIONAL LIBRARY : Paris, France. Established in 1368 by Charles V.
5. THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS: Washington, US. Established in 1800. One of the most important libraries in the world. Recorded as the largest library in the world. Has nearly 58 million manuscripts. Spread across three buildings viz. Thomas Jefferson, John Adams and James Madison Building.
6.LIBRARY OF ALEXANDRIA: Egypt.
7.AMBROSIAN LIBRARY: Milan, France. Established in 1609.
8. BOSTON PUBLIC LIBRARY: Boston, US. Established in 1826.
9. BODLEIAN LIBRARY: Oxford University, London. Established in 1602.
10. BRITISH LIBRARY OF ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL SCIENCES: London. Established in 1896.
11. BUTLER LIBRARY : Columbia University, USA - 1934.
12. CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY : Cambridge, UK. 1931.
13. CARNEGIE LIBRARY: Pittsburgh, USA - 1895.
14. DUTCH ROYAL LIBRARY : The Hague, Netherlands - 1798.
15. FIRESTONE LIBRARY: Princeton University, 1948.
16. FISHER LIBRARY: University of Sydney - 1908 - Largest in Southern Hemisphere.
17. GARRISON LIBRARY: Gibraltar - 1793.
18. HAROLD B LIBRARY: Brigham Young University, USA - 1924.
19. EUROPEAN LIBRARY: A service of the world wide web that offers across the resources of the 47 national libraries of Europe.
20. FREE LIBRARY: Philadelphia - US, 1891.
21. HOUSE OF COMMONS LIBRARY: West Minster, UK, London, 1818.
22. JENKINS LAN LIBRARY: Philadelphia, USA - 1802.
23. JEWISH NATIONAL AND UNIVERSITY LIBRARY: Jerusalem, Israel - 1892.
24. JOHN RYLANDS LIBRARY: Manchester, UK - 1972.
25. LEIDEN UNIVERSITY LIBRARY: Leiden, Netherlands, opened in 1587.
26. MITCHELL LIBRARY : Glasgow, London. Europe's Largest public reference library.
27. NATIONAL LIBRARY : Canberra, Australia.
28. NATIONAL LIBRARY: Ireland.
29. OSLER LIBRARY OF THE HISTORY OF MEDICINE: McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
30. LIBRARY OF GONDISHARPUR : Iran, Established during the Sassanid dynasty in 489.
31. NATIONAL LIBRARY OF IRAN : Tehran, Iran - 1937.
32. RUSSIAN STATE LIBRARY : Moscow - 1862.
33. ROYAL LIBRARY: Copenhagen: Denmark, 1793.
34. VATICAN CITY LIBRARY: Vatican, Rome - 1448.
35. STATSBIBLIOTHEK: Berlin, Germany.
36. STATE LIBRARY: Victoria, Melbourne, Australia.
37. KICHENER PUBLIC LIBRARY: Ontario, Canada, 1884.

1) CONNEMARA LIBRARY: Chennai - 1890 - foundation laid by Lord Connemara. It is one of the four national depository libraries of India which receives all newspapers, books, periodicals published in India. It also serves as a depository of united nations. It also has a Braille library and an IAS study centre.
2) NORTH BENGAL STATE LIBRARY: Cooch Behar, West Bengal 1870. Establised by Houghton.
3) ADYAR LIBRARY RESEARCH CENTRE : Chennai - 1886 - founded by Henzy Steel Olcott, a theosophist. Functions in the theosophical society, Adyar,Chennai.
4) ASIATIC SOCIETY LIBRARY: Mumbai - 1804 - started by Sir James Mckintosh.
5) DHANANJAY RAO GADGIL LIBRARY - 1905 - Function under the aegis of Servants of India Society, Pune.
6) HAZRAT PIR MOHAMMAD SHAH LIBRARY: Ahmedabad, Gujarat - 1905 - one of the oldest libraries of India.
7) ORIENTAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE AND MANUSCRIPTS LIBRARY: Thiruvanthapuram, Kerala. It is one of the leading centres of Indological studies. A world famous institution.
8) P.K.KELKAR LIBRARY: Kanpur, UP, Functions in the campus of IIT, Kanpur.
9) STATE CENTRAL LIBRARY: Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala. 1829 by HH Swathi Thirunal Maharaja of Travancore considered to be the first public library of India.
10) NATIONAL LIBRARY OF KOLKATTA:  Largest library of India - opened as Imperial Library in January 1903. Became a National Library in 1953.

The Library of Congress - Washington.

National Library of India - Kolkata.

Oriental Research Institute and Manuscripts Library, Thiruvanthapuram, Kerala is considered as an important reference centre for Indological studies.

1. Library of Gondisharpur, Iran - 489 AD.
2. National Library, Paris, France - 1368 AD.
3. Vatican City Library, Vatican, Rome - 1448 AD.
4. Leiden University Library, Leiden, Netherlands - 1587
5. Bodliean Library, Oxford University, London - 1602.
6. Ambrosian Library, Milan, France - 1609.
7. Garrison Library, Gibraltar - 1793.
8. Royal Library, Copenhagen, Denmark - 1793.
9. Russian National Library, St. Petersburg, Russia - 1795.
10. Dutch Royal Library, The Hague, Netherlands - 1798.

It is also a library of a different kind. Here all the records, documents and other related files/papers are stored. They are mostly of diplomatic and political administration related documents.

It is located at Delhi. It is functioning there since 1926. Oiriginally it was started as Imperial Record Department in Calcutta in 1891. Regional Office is located at Bhopal and three record centres at at Bhubaneswar, Jaipur and Puducherry.Records are available from 1748 AD.

Callimachus: A Greek poet and librarian at the ancient library in Alexandria.