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JAMMU & KASHMIR

Capital: Srinagar (Summer); Jammu (Winter)
Area: 222236 SQKM (6th)
No.of Districts: 22
Language: Urdu, Kashmiri, Dogri
Population: 12548926 (18th)
Literacy: 67%
Assembly: Bicameral 89+36 seats.
Lok Sabha: 6
Rajya Sabha: 4
Major Rivers: Indus, Tawi, Ravi, Chenab.
Geographical Position: 33.45 degree N 76.24 degree E (Srinagar).
Borders: Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, PR China, Azad Kashmir -Gilgit-Baltistan.
State Tree: Almond
State Animal; Kashmir Stag
State Bird: Black Necked Crane
State Flower: Common Rodendron
Governor: Narindernath Vohra
Chief Minister: Mufti Mohammad Sayeed


Q1. When did Jammu & Kashmir become a state?
26.10.1947
Q2. Give a brief history of Jammu & Kashmir?
A Muslim dominated state which was historically ruled by Sikh rulers for some period prior to independence. At that time of independence Maharaja Hari Singh was the ruler and did not join India or Pakistan immediately. This prompted Pakistan to attack the northwest region through the help of the local tribals in 1947. At this point, the Sikh ruler Hari Singh sought the help and decided to join India. Then Indian military prevented Pakistan's further intrusion. However, a portion of the territory occupied by them by the Pakistanis (called as POK -"Pakistan occupied territory") still remains a problem with India and Pakistan. Thus, the state was established in 1947 and by the State Reorganisation Process, it was accorded full statehood.
Q3. What are the three distinct regions of Jammu and Kashmir with regard to religious faiths?
Jammu with Hindus, Kashmir with Muslims, and Ladakh for Buddhists.
Q4. Unlike other states, J & K has two capitals. What are they?
It is the only Indian State to have two capitals, one for the summer and the other for the winter.
SRINAGAR: It is the summer capital. Lies on the banks of Jhelum river. "Dal Lake" with its house boats, gardens, handicrafts, fruits and carpets and handloom textiles are the famous attractions for the large tourists.
JAMMU: Winter capital. Lies on the banks of river Tawi. Amarnath Cave Temple, Vaishnodevi Temple and few other temples are the attractions. On the west of Jammu, lies the "POK" through which the infiltration and terrorist activities are taking place.
Q5. What are the 22 districts of Jammu & Kashmir?
1. ANANTNAG: A town with lot of temples.
2. BARAMULLA: Most beautiful valley in Kashmir, with highest literacy rate. Has produced eminent academicians.
3. BUDGAM:
4. Bandipora:
5. Doda:
6. GANDERBAL:
7. JAMMU: Winter Capital.
8. KULGHAM:
9. KARGIL: Lies on the line of control facing POK. It is in this region that Pakistan tried to infiltrate during 1999 and failed, what is known as "Kargil War".
10. KATHUA: Muslim majority district. Somewhat industrialized. "Basohli" paintings are very famous.
11. KUPWARA:
12. KISHTWAR:
13. LEH: Buddhist population is more. Shanti Stupa constructed by Japanese, Leh Palace and other hilly places and valleys are the places of interest.
14. POONCH:
15. PULWAMA: Smallest and remotest district. In the 1947 war, Pakistan occupied half of this district, while the other half is with India.
16.REASI:
17.RAJOURI:A district bordering Pakistan. Infiltration by Islamic terrorists is a regular problem here. Hence, a huge contingent of BSF personnel are deputed on a regular basis.
18. RAMBAN:
19. SRINAGAR: Summer Capital.
20. SAMBA:
21. SHOPIAN:
22. UDAMPUR: The transit point between Jammu & Kashmir. Northern Command of Indian Army is headquartered here. Recently linked by rail to New Delhi by "Sampark Kranti Express". Named after Udam Singh son of Ghulab Singh, the founder of Jammu & Kashmir.
Q6. What are the main problems faced by Jammu & Kashmir?
1. Infiltration and insurgency by Islamic fundamentalists. 2. Rural Illiteracy. 3. Geographical and climatic conditions.
Q7. What are the districts (now under POK) under claim by India?
Bagh, Bhimber, Hattaian, Haveli, Kotli, Mirpur, Muzzafarbad, Neelum, Poonch, Sudhnati, Astore, Diamer, Ghanche, Ghizer, Gilgit and Skardu.
Q8. Who are the famous personalities of Jammu & Kashmir?
1. Maharaja Hari Singh, 2. Sheikh Abdullah - Lion of Kashmir. 3. Farooq Abdullah - son of Shekih Abdullah 4. Omar Abdullah - son of Farooq Abdullah and present CM.
Q9. What is the name of the famous folk dance performed by Kashmiri men?
Dumhal.
Q10. It is the only state of India not governed by the Indian Penal Code. Then, what is the code applicable here?
Ranbir Penal Code, constituted by Maharaja Ranbir Singh.
Q11. Who was the first CM of Jammu and Kashmir?
Ghulam Mohammad Sadiq - 1965 to 1971. Prior to 1965, based on the special provisions in the Constitutions, J&K was electing its own President/ Prime Minister. By an amendment to the constitutional provisions the title has been made as Governor and Chief Minister in 1965.