CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
Q1. What is circulatory system?
Circulation of impure blood to the lungs and circulation of purified blood to various parts of the body is called so.
Q2. What are the main organ involved in the circulatory system?
Heart - along with veins (carrying impure blood) and Arteries (carrying purified blood) and numerous blood vessels are involved in this system.
Q3. Where is the heart located?
Heart is a muscle lump and spongy organ. It is located on the left side of the chest cavity below the breast nipple, enclosed or wrapped by a tough fibrous material called Pericardium.
Q4. What is the average weight of the heart?
Men - 340 grams; Women 255 grams.
Q5. How is the heart made of?
"Septum" - further divided as Auricle the upper two chambers and "Ventricle" the two lower chambers. The upper chamber Auricle receives impure blood from the veins, which gets purified and oxygenated by the lungs. The lower chamber Ventricle receives the purified blood and pumps it into the Arteries through which the blood goes into the tissues and blood vessels.
Q6. What is the heart beat and what is the normal count of the heart beat?
The contraction and relaxation of the heart for receiving and pumping out blood is called the Heart Beat. Normal count of the heart beat for men = 70/72 and 78/82 for women.
Q7. What is Systole and Diastole of heart?
Systole : Contraction of the ventricles. Diastole : Relaxation of the ventricles.
Q8. What is the average heart beat and pumping of blood during the life of an average person?
Heart beats about 2000 million times and pumps about 500 million of litres of blood during the average life span of a person.
Q9. What are the main functions of heart?
It's main functions is circulation of blood.
(1) To supply purified blood to all parts of the body through Arteries;
(2) To receive/collect impure blood from the organs and tissues through veins;
(3) To pump impure blood into the lungs for purification;
(4) To collect pure blood from the lungs.
Q10. What are the two main blood vessels of the body?
Arteries and Veins.
Q11. What are Arteries and their functions?
Thick walled tubes which carry purified blood from the heart, to the tissues at a high pressure.
Q12. Which is the largest of the Arteries?
Aorta: Which leaves immediately from the heart. It has a dia of 2.5 cms.
Q13. Which is the smallest/thinnest of the Arteries?
Arteroiles: Spread all over the body and is just about 1 mm thick.
Q14. Which is the only Artery that carries impure blood?
Pulmonary Artery: Which carries impure blood from the heart to the lungs.
Q15. What are Veins?
Thin walled tubes which collect impure blood from the tissues, carry the same to the heart for purification in the lungs.
Q16. Which is the only Vein that carries pure blood?
Pulmonary Vein: Which carries purified blood from the lungs to the heart, from where it is supplied to the entire body.
Q17. How the heart functions in the process of purification of blood?
Both pure and impure blood are forced into two verticles by contraction. The pure blood from the right ventricle goes into the large Aorta and the impure blood from the right ventricle goes into the Pulmonary Artery to the lungs. When the ventricles relaxes the Auricles again gets filled with blood. The process continues.
Q18. What is the study of heart and how the professional is called?
Cardiology and the person specializing in heart is called Cardiologist.
Q19. Who invented the blood circulation system?
William Harvey.
Q20. How many times a heart beats every day?
About one lakh times a day.
Q21. Which are the only veins that carry the oxygenated blood?
Pulmonary veins.
Q22. What is the average weight of human heart?
220 - 260 gms.
Q23. Name the artery which supplies blood to the heart?
Coronary Artery.
Q24. What gives the human brain it's energy?
Glucose.
Q25. The pair of veins which carry deoxygenated blood away from the head and neck are known as?
Jugular veins.
Q26. The human brain is surrounded by cerebrospinal fluid which cushions against external shocks. What is the name of the space which contains the fluid?
Subarachnoid space.
Q27. Which chemical retards heart-beats?
Acetyl Cholaine.
Q28. Which fat is responsible for heart diseases / attacks?
Cholestrol.
Q29. What is the time required for one heart-beat?
0.8 second.
Q30. What is responsible for circulating blood through lungs?
Right ventricle.
Q31. What is Cholestrol that causes heart attacks?
Cholesterol - is a Greek Word - "Chole" (bile) and "Stereos" (solid) suffixed with "ol" for an alcohol. It is a wax like fat substance that occurs naturally in all parts of the body, which blocks the flow of blood freely.
There are two major types of cholesterol. They are:
LDL - Low Density Lipoproteins - often known as "bad cholesterol" - the cause of the heart ailments.
HDL - High Density Lipoproteins - often referred to as "good cholesterol".
Q32. Which word describes the throbbing of the arteries in human?
Pulse.
Q33. What is the junction between two nerve also called?
Synapse.
