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MOUNTAINS - INDIA AND ABROAD

Q1. What are mountains and hills?
Rocky surfaces raising to a considerable height above the plain.
Q2. How the mountains are defined?
Elevated rocky land masses with a height of 3000 mts/10000 feet above the plain surface are called mountains.
Q3. How the hills are defined?
Elevated rocky land masses below 3000 mts/10000 feet above the plain surface are called Hills.
Q4. How much of Earth is covered by Mountains?
24% by Mountains and Hills.
Q5. Which Continent has the largest coverage by Mountains and Hills?
Asia - has 54% of the entire mountains and hills.
Q6. Which Continent has the least coverage by Mountains and Hills?
Africa - has only 3% of the entire mountain and hills.
Q7. Mountains serve as the major source for?
Rains, rivers and continuous flow of water from glaciers.
Q8. What is "Montane" related to Mountains?
An adjective to describe mountainous regions and things associated with it.
Q9. What are the types of Mountains?

1. Fold    2. Block   and   3. Volcanic.

Q10. What are Fold Mountains?
Formed by the crumbling or folding of rocks, resulting in huge wrinkles or Folds upon the earth's surface, and in the ocean floors.
Q11. Few examples of Fold Mountains?
Himalayas, Alps, Andes, Rockies.
Q12. What are the causes of formation of fold mountains?
Formed due to series of earthquakes.
Q13. What are Block Mountains?
Formed when a mass of elevated land under strain, cracks leaving a higher elevation standing between two areas of lower elevation. They are generally steep sided. Eg: Vindhyas, India, Vosges in France and Black Forest in Germany.
Q14. What are Volcanic Mountains?
Mountains which erupt and eject heated molten rock through an opening on top are called so. Eg: Mount Vesuvius in Italy.
Q15. What is a Summit in relation to Mountains?
The highest point of a mountain.
Q16. What is "Cordillera" in relation to Mountains?
A Spanish word meaning chain - it is how the Andes in South and North America are called.
Q17. What is a "Cliff" in relation to mountains?
A steep rock face, which are formed, by the wearing away action of the waves.
Q18. How the loose rocks on the mountain side are called?
Scree.
Q19. What is an "Escarpment" in relation to mountains?
A steep inland cliff. It is found where layers of hard rock, slope upwards to the surface over softer rocks below.
Q20. What is "Mesa"?
A flat topped elevation with one or more cliff like side. Common in S.W.USA
Q21. What is "Butte"
A flat topped hill found in flat terrain.
Q22. What is an Avalanche?
A destructive slide of snow and rocks in high mountains. Most common in The Himalayas.
Q23. Mount Everest is named after?
Sir George Everest who recorded its height and location.
Q24. Who gave the name "Mount Everest"?
Andrew Waugh, Surveyor General of India in 1865.
Q25. When and who were the first to conquer Mount Everest?
29.5.1953. Edmund Hillary,Newzealand and Tenzing Norgay,Indi
Q26. Who was the leader of the team that conquered Mt. Everest for the first time?
John Hunt, UK. He was an army brigadier.
Q27. Himalayas - the name is derived from?
HIMAL meaning mountains in Nepalese.
Q28. Himalayas lies in which continent and it is spread across?
Asia and it is spread across India, Nepal, and Tibet on the larger side.
Q29. What type of mountain are Himalayas?
Fold Mountains.
Q30. What are the special physical features of Himalayas?
Consists 96% of world's 100 tallest mountains. It is the tallest mountain in the world and its height is 8848.mtrs. Largest mountain system whichincludes the Karakoram and Hindkush ranges. It has more than 100 separate mountains exceeding 7200 mtrs.
Q31. Himalayas is also called as?
Eight Thousanders, Chogori Mountains, Chogori Gangri, Lamba Pahar, Dapsang, Kech or Ketu (from which came K2 mountain name).
Q32. Countrywise Himalayas is spread across?
Bhutan, China, India, Nepal, Pakistan and Afghanistan.
Q33. What is the exact height of Mount Everest?
8848 meters.
Q34. On which date Mount Everest was conquered?
29.5.1953
Q35. How do the Nepalese call the Himalayas?
Sagar Math
Q36. Who is the oldest person to climb Mount Everest?
Yuichiro Miyura  --  80 years -- Japan -- May 20, 2013.  
(The other older mountaineers are Min Bahadur Serchan, Nepal 78 Years and he climbed Mt. Everest on 1.5.2008  and Katsusuke Yangai Sawa of Japan at 71 years )
Q37. Who are the first mother daughter pair to climb Mt.Everest?
Cherryl and Nikki Bart, Australia in May 2008.
Q38. Who has climbed Mount Everest most times?
Apa Sherpa and Phubha Tashi  - 21 times.
Q39. What are the river systems originating and flowing into India from Himalayas?
Ganges, Brahmaputra, Indus. ( For China it is Yangtze river)
Q40. Which part of Himalayas is home to Indian Rhinoceros?
Terai Grasslands belt in the Himalayas.
Q41. What are Greater Himalayas?
Also called Himadri. Lies in the north with an average height of 6000 mtrswith the highest being Kanchen Junga at 8598 mtrs. Extends also into Nepal.
Q42. What are Middle or Lesser Himalayas?
Called as Himachal. Comprising the Kashmir Valley, Kulu and Kangr The average height is 3700-4500 mtrs.
Q43. What are the Outer Himalayas?
Also called Shivalik. Forms the foothills of Himalayas. Average height is about 600 meters.
Q44. Who is the only double amputee (Legs) to scale Mt.Everest?
Mark Inglis, Newzealand on 15.5.2006.
Q45. Who is the first woman to climb Mt.Everest?
Junko Tabei, Japan on 16.5.1975.
Q46. Who is the youngest Indian to climb Mt. Everest?
Arjun Bajpai - 16 years, 11 months 18 days - Noida - 21st/22nd May 2010.
Q47. Who is the youngest in the world to climb Mt.Everest?
Jordan David Romero, USA - 13 Yrs 10 m and 10 days on 22.5.2010.
Q48. Who is the first legally blind person to climb Mt.Everest?
Erik Weihenmeyer of USA on 25.5.2001.
Q49. Who is the first person to climb Mt. Everest without oxygen?
Reinhold Messner, Italy and Peter Habeler, Austria on 8.5.1978.
Q50. What is the second highest point in the Himalayas?
K2 Godwin Austen - 8611 mts/28251 feet. Lies in the Karakoram ranges in Pakistan - China border.
Q51. What does 'Kanchen Junga' mean?
Locally it means 'golden thigh' and also means 'five treasures of snow'.
Q52. Kanchen Junga is home to which rare specie of the Bear family?
Red Pand
Q53. When was Kanchen Junga conquered first?
25.5.1955 by Joe Brown and George Band of Britain.
Q54. Which is the fourth highest mountain in the world?
LHOTSE - Nepal - China - 8501 mtrs. Conquered first on 18.5.1956.
Q55. Which is the fifth highest Mountain?
MAKALU 8481 mtrs/27765 ft - Tibet - Nepal - conquered on 15.5.1955.
Q56. Where is 'Daulagiri' Mountain?
Nepal - 8167 mtr/26764 ft - 7th highest - conquered first on 13.5.1960. It is also called ' White Mountain'.
Q57. Where is ' Nanga Parbat ' mountain?
Means Naked Mountain. Lies between India-Pakistan - 8123 mtrs/26658 ftRanks 9th highest - first conquered on 3.7.1953.
Q58. Where is Annapurna Mountain?
Nepal. 8091 mtrs/26545 feet - 11th in ranks - it means "Goddess of the Harvests".
Q59. Annapurna Mountain has an unfortunate and unusual record in the world?
It has the highest fatality rate of about 40%.
Q60. Where is Nanda Devi mountain?
Uttarakhand - India - 7817 mtr/25645 feet - . It means "Bliss Giving Goddess".
Q61. Where are the Karakoram range of mountains?
Located in the regions of Gilgit, Ladakh and Baltistan, North Kashmir and spread across Pakistan, China and Indi
Q62. What is the special physical feature, the Karakoram ranges have?
Has more than 60 peaks (mountains) of over 7000 mtrs all lying in Pakistan.
Q63. Which is the oldest mountain range of India?
Aravalli - in Rajasthan. It is the oldest fold mountain in the world. Runs for about 300 miles.
Q64. Which is the highest peak in Aravalli ranges?

GURU SHIKAR in Mount Abu. 5653 feet above sea level - A famous hill resort with Jain architecture temples including the famous Dilwara Temple.

Q65. Which famous city is located on the Aravalli range?
Ajmer.
Q66. Which mountain ranges are called the "Sahyadri"?
The Western Ghats.
Q67. What is the extant of the Western Ghats?
Runs for about 1600 Kms from Gujarat to Maharashtra border, through Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, Tamilnadu, Kerala and ends at Kanyakumari.
Q68. Which state of India has the larger share of Western Ghats?
Karnatak
Q69. What are the famous hill stations on the Western Ghats?
Mahabhaleshwar and Lonavala in Maharashtra and Ootacamund in Tamilnadu.
Q70. Which is the highest peak on the Western Ghats?
Anaimudi in Tamilnadu - 2698 mt/8842 ft.
Q71. How the Western Ghats is known in the states it is passing through?
Sahyadri in Maharashtr, Nilgiris in Tamilnadu and Sahyamala in Keral
Q72. What are the famous hills located on the Western Ghats?
Cardamom, Nilgiri, Anaimalai, Agasthya, Vellari etc.,
Q73. Through which states the Eastern Ghats is passing through?
West Bengal, Orissa, Andhra Pradesh and Tamilnadu.
Q74. Is the Eastern Ghats a continuous stretch of Hills?
No. It is an interrupted range by the rivers like Godavari, Krishna, Mahanadi, and Kaveri.
Q75. How is the Eastern Ghats called in Andhra Pradesh?
Velikond
Q76. What are the famous hills located on the Eastern Ghats?
Kolli, Pachai, Shevaroy and Kalrayan.
Q77. What is the famous hill station located on the Eastern Ghats in Tamilnadu?
Yercaud in Salem Dt., Tamilnadu.
Q78. Eastern Ghats is home for?
Wild Elephants near Thekkady, bordering Tamilnadu and Keral
Q79. Where are the Satpura range of Hills?
Rising in Eastern Gujarat, it runs through Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, and Chhatisgarh.
Q80. Where are the Vindhya Ranges?
Central Indi Rising in Gujarat and runs through Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh.
Q81. Which Mountain range divides India into South and North?
Vindhya Ranges.
Q82. Which is the highest peak in South India?
Anaimudi - Idukki Dt - Kerala - 2698 mt/8842 feet.
Q83. Where is Mahadeo Hills?
Madhya Pradesh.
Q84. Where are the Maikala Ranges?
Madhya Pradesh.
Q85. What is the highest mountain in Australia?
Mount Kosciuszko-7310ft/2228 Mts- lies on Heard Islandon Southern OceanNear Antarctica - an Australian territory.
Q86. Where is Table Mountain?
Cape Town, South Afric Named so because it is the most flat mountain.
Q87. Where are the Great Smoky Mountains?
USA - part of the Applachian mountains - 2025 mtrs.
Q88. Which mountain rock changes its colour during dawn and dusk from BrightPink to orange to red?
Mount Augustus, Western Australi
Q89. Where is the largest monolith rock located?
Australia - called "Uluru" or "Ayera Rock".
Q90. Which part of the Himalayas is home to and summer habitat of Snow Leopard?
Alpine Meadows.
Q91. Which is the world's longest mountain range in the world?
Andes - runs along the coasts of South America from North to South. Distance 7000Km. It is spread across Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Venezeul It is also the second largest mountain range.
Q92. Andes Ranges passes through which countries?
Argentina, Chile, Bolivia, Peru, Venezeula, Columbia and Ecuador.
Q93. Which is the highest peak in the Andes?
Aconcagua - 6962 mts - Argentin
Q94. What is the largest mountain range in Europe?
Alps.
Q95. What is the Alps mountain range stretch?
Stretches from Sloevenia, Austria in the East to Germany and France in the west, and ends at Vienn
Q96. Which is the highest peak in Alps?
Mont Blanc - 4808 mtrs - France - Italy border.
Q97. Where is Caucus range of mountains?
Lies between Black and Caspian Se
Q98. Which is the tallest peak in the Caucus Range?
Mount Ararat - 5156mtrs It is the tallest peak in Turkey.
Q99. Where are Madrissa Mountains?
In the Alps in Switzerland.
Q100. Which mountain range separates France and Germany?
PYRENEES mountains in Iberian Peninsul
Q101. Where are the Hindkush range of mountains?
Northwest of India bordering Afghanistan in its territory.
Q102. Which mountain range in Greece has a mythological connection?
Mount Olympus with Greek mythology.
Q103. Which is the highest mountain in North America?
Mount Kinley in Alask
Q104. Which Mountain is called the "Meanest Mountain on Earth"?
Eiger Mountain, Switzerland.
Q105. Which is the highest Mountain in England?
Scaffel Pike in Cumbria, UK 3210 Ft.
Q106. Where are the Taurus Mountains?
Turkey.
Q107. Where are the Trans Atlantic Mountains?
Lies between Cape Adare and Coat Island in East Antartic
Q108. Where is Kanuku Mountain?
Guyan
Q109. Which mountain range separates Europe and Asia?
Ural mountains.
Q110. Surprising, but where are the "Hindu Raj" mountains?
Pakistan.
Q111. Which is the tallest mountain system found in the solar system?
Olympus Mons in Mars.
Q112. Which mountain ranges existed even before the "continental drifting"?
Himalayas - Asia; Andes and Rockies in American Continents and Alps in Europe.
Q113. Where is Mountain Ilampu?
Bolivia, South America on the Andes Ranges - 7014 mtr.
Q114. Where is Mount Kinley?
Rockies Ranges in Alaska, USA -- 6194 Mtrs.
Q115. Where is Mount Elias?
Rockies ranges across US - Canada in North Americ 5944 mtrs.
Q116. Where is Mount Logan?
Rockies Ranges in North America - 6050 mtrs - Canada's highest mountain.
Q117. Where is Monte Rosa Mountains?
In the Pied Mont ranges in Italy, Europe - 4565 mtrs.
Q118. What is Germany's highest mountain?
Zugspitze.
Q119. Arches formed by natural rock are rarest. There are only three of its kind in the world. Where are they?
1. Rainbow Arch, Utah, US 2. Dalradian Quartzite, UK 3. Sila Thoranam, Tirupathi, Andhra Pradesh, Indi
Q120. Mount Everest is the highest peak in the world on the land from sea level. What is the highest peak from under sea and from the geometric center of the earth?
1. Mount Mauna Kea, Hawai'i -- from under se 2. Mount Chimborazo, Ecuador - It is located near the Equator where Earth's diameter is greatest. At that location it is 6384 Km from earth's center or about 2 Km farther from Earth's center, than Mount Everest.
Q121. Who is the first disabled person to climb Mt. Everest?
Tom Wittaker, UK on 27.5.1998 on his third attempt.
Q122. Who is the Oldest Indian Woman to climb Mt. Everest ?
Premalata Agarwal -- 48 Yrs -- climbed Mt. Everest on 20.5.2011

Q123. Which mountain peak is closest to the outer space?
"Chimbarazo Peak -- 20548 ft.-- lies on the equator bulge -- in Ecuador. Because it is already lying on the equator bulge, it is closest to the outer space, though it is not actually the highest above sea level. "
Q124. LIST OF HIGHEST MOUNTAINS AND COUNTRIES
SL COUNTRY'S NAME HIGHEST MOUNTAIN NAME
1. Sri Lanka Pidurutalagala (Mount Pedro) -- 2524 mtr -- Nuwara Elup Dt.,
2. Pakistan K2 -- 8611 mtrs
3. Afghanistan Noshaq -- Hindukush -- 7492 mtr.
4. Myanmar Hrakaborazi -- 5881 mtr
5. Nepal/China Mt.Everest -- 8840 mtr
6. Italy Monte Rosa -- 4565 mtr
7. Canada Mount Logan -- 6050 mtr
8. America Mount Kinley -- 6194 mtr
9. Bolivia Mount Ilampu -- 7014 mtr
10. Germany/Austria Zugspitze -- 2562 mtr
11. Russia Elbrus -- 5642 mtr
12. Ecuador Chimborozo -- 6263 mtr.
13. Brazil Pico Da Niblina -- 2995 mtr
14. Argentina Aconcagua -- 6962 mtr
15. England Scaffel Pike -- 978 mtr
16. New Zealand Mt.Cook -- 3724 mtr
17. Spain Mount Teide -- 3718 mtr
18. Ukraine Mount Hoverla -- 2061 mtr
19. Carribean Islands Pico Duarte -- 3098 mtr (Dominican Rebpulic)
20. Arab Countries Toubkal -- 4165 mtr -- Morocco.