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MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE

Q1.
This section includes dams, reservoirs and fertilizers etc.,

Agriculture has been the economy of our country from time memorial and plays a vital role in the national and people's economy. It accounts for nearly 18% of the national GDP (Gross Domestic Product), 10% of the national export earnings, and almost 58% of the work force are employed in this field. The total area coverage under food grains 2008-2009 has been around 123.22 million hectares.

However, Indian Agriculture is hampered by two major factors. 1. Population growth and 2. Dependent on River and Monsoon based agriculture. As regards population, although the government has been taking every steps to curb the alarming growth of population, and people are also raising their awareness level on this, in the present scenario, the population growth has won over the agricultural growth specially on the staple food items like rice and wheat. Nearly 56% of Indian Agriculture is dependent on monsoon rains and any delay, insufficient or failure of the monsoon drastically affects the food production.

Still, with comfortable food stock, increased production, deployment of modern techniques and increase in literacy level, is balancing the situation.However, over the last couple of years, the agricultural sector contribution to the national GDP has been on the decline coming to 14.2 % during 2009-2010.However, this decline has been attributed for the fast industrial growth.Even in a recent report as late as June 20th, there was a study report that in India, wastage of food products occur to the extent of 50000 crores annually.

In such a circumstances, the initiative and policy planning of the government plays a vital role in the increased production, export, sowing land area and minimum support price for the produce etc., With this in mind the government is regularly formulating new policies, to improve the contribution of agriculture. Substantial allocations are made in every budget for agriculture.

Following are the various initiative and incentives announced by the government in the recent years commencing 2008-2009 (and even earlier).
1. One time bank loan waiver was announced to benefit nearly 40 million small farmers, and 25% waiver for medium and large agricultural land holders. Further extention of repayment time frame has also been announced.
2. National Rainfed Area Authority was constituted from 3.11.2006 to give focused attention to the problem of the rainfed areas of the country and offer development suggestions within the policy framework.
3. National Food Security Mission was launched by the end of 11th Plan to cover 312 districts in 17 states and has become operational from 2007-2008. The Mission is meant to offer incentives to the states which are producing improved and increased results in agricultural sector.
4. The Ministry of Agriculture in its annual report of 2010-2011 has announced various policies and schemes for the improvement of agricultural sector.
5. 4.4% growth in GDP contribution from agricultural sector and sustain it for future years.
6. Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana scheme to benefit farmers was launched in 2007-2008. The outlay under this scheme for 2010-2011 has been 6722 crores and for 2011-2012 it is proposed to increase the same to 10350 crores. This fund allocation is for the states for investments in various agricultural projects.
7. Extending Green Revolution in Eastern States began with an allocation of Rs.400 crores in the 2010-2011 budget.
8. National Horticulture Mission launched in 2010-2011 to cover 371 districts in 18 states and 3 UTs.
9. National Food Security Mission launched for different produces covering 467 districts.
10.National e-governance in Agriculture sector has been launched in 7 states in Phase I with an allocation of 227.79 crores.
11. National Seed Mission, for supply of quality seeds to farmers, has been launched with an allocation of 3773.40 crores from 2011-2012.
12. Minimum support price for the agricultural produce for the farmers has been receiving regular consideration and increase made regularly.
13. Foreign Direct Investments in agriculture and allied sector has been thrown open for 100%.
14. 2% subsidy on interest on loans has been approved and implemented from 2009-2010.
15. 60 Agricultural export zones have been approved.
16. Kisan Call Centres have been opened from January 2004 to function 24hrs to offer suggestions to farmers' queries.
17. To retain and sustain the number one position of Milk production, a number of schemes have been announced to improve the live stock and milk production.
18. A separate Minister of State has also been assigned with the portfolio of food processing in order to give more thrust to the food processing sector.
19. With regular favour from rain god and with abundant natural resources, our country stands as the largest producer of the following: Millet, Tea, Cardamom, Turmeric, Ginger, Sugar Cane, Pulses and Milk.
20. Our country has the largest cattle population in the world.
21. Our country is the largest exporter of spices.

The Ministry of Agriculture is headed by Radha Mohan Singh.

Q2. MINISTRY OF FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRIES:
This Ministry was formed in 1988, headed by Cabinet Minister Sharad Pawar, to formulate and administer rules and regulations and laws relating to food processing in India and develop a strong and vibrant food processing industry to create increased employment opportunities in the rural areas. Incidentally it is pertinent to mention here that a recent study has indicated that nearly 50000 crores of rupees worth food products are being wasted due to inadequate and improper storage and processing techniques. The government is also offering various incentives for such industries to come up at all levels. It is estimated that the food processing industry in India is set to grow in a huge way by the year 2025. The import of food processing machineries have been categorized as general and 100% FDI is permissible now.

GENERAL QUESTIONS

Q3. India's economy is mostly dependent on?
Our country's economy is a mixed economy with substantial inputs from industrial sector as well as from the agricultural sector. In straight, it is a mixed economy, retaining and sustaining agricultural growth and at the same time going forward with industrialization.
Q4. How much of Indian population is involved in the agricultural sector?
58%.
Q5. Indian agriculture is mostly dependent on?
Monsoon rains and river based canal irrigation systems.
Q6. What are the two major river systems on which Indian agriculture is dependent?
Himalayan River system and Southern Peninsular Rivers system.
Q7. Pre independence, who is considered as the father of Indian Revolution?
Norman Borlaug.
Q8. Post independence, which Indian is also considered as the father of agricultural revolution in India?
Dr.M.S.Swaminathan for his contribution during the Green Revolution during 1960s to 1970s.
Q9. When was the "Green Revolution" launched for the first time in India?
1967-1968.
Q10. Who was the first Minister of Agriculture of Independent India?
Dr.Deshmukh (elected ministry). In the unelected provisional government after independence, it was Dr.Rajendra Prasad.
Q11. Who is the current Cabinet Minister for Agriculture?
Sharad Pawar.
Q12. What are the important departments of Agriculture Ministry?
1. Department of Agriculture and Cooperation.
2. Department of Agricultural Research and Education/Indian Council of Agricultural Research.
3. Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying.
Q13. Which is the apex body of agricultural research in India?
ICAR - Indian Council of Agriculturl Research - Delhi - headed by a Director General.
Q14. What are the various agricultural research institutions located in India?
1. Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana.
2. Central Rice Research Station, Cuttack, Odisha.
3. Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla.
4. Central Vegetable Breeding Station, Kulu, HP
5. Central Coconut Research Station, Kayankulam, Kerala
6. Indian Institute of Sugar Technology, Kanpur, UP
7. Indian Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru.
8. National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana
9. National Academy of Agricultural Research and Management, Hyderabad
10.Central Insititute of Post Harvest Engineering and Technology, Ludhiana
11.Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi.
12.Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai
13.Indian Institute of Soil Sciences, Bhopal.
14.Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varnasi.
15.Central Institute of Cotton Research, Nagpur
16.Indian Institute of Sugarcane Research, Lucknow, UP
17.Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Kasaragod
18.ICAR Research complex for NE Hill Region, Bharapani.
19.Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru.
20.Central Institute of Arid Horticulture, Bikaner
21.Central Agricultural Research Institute, Port Blair.
22.National Research Centre for Cold Water Fisheries, Nainital
23.Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneshwar
24.National Research Centre for Rape Seed and Mustard, Bharatpur
25.National Research Centre for Banana, Tiruchirapalli, Tamilnadu.
26.National Research Centre on Seed Spices, Ajmer, UP.
Q15. What is the institution that provides advanced studies in Agriculture?
ICAR - Indian Council for Agricultural Research, New Delhi. It was initially started as Imperial Agricultural Research Institute in 1905 at Pusa in Bihar and later shifted to New Delhi. Functioning as Indian Council for Agricultural Research, it was responsible for the research leading to the Green Revolution in the 1970s.,
Q16. How the crops are classified?
1. FOOD CROPS: Rice, Wheat etc., It accounts for 75% of agricultural produce. Also called as subsistence and staple food crops etc.,
2. CASH CROPS: Sugarcane, Tobacco, Cotton, Groundnut, Oil seeds etc.,
3. PLANTATION CROPS: Like Tea, Coffee, Rubber etc. These are also called cash crops.
4. HORTICULTURE CROPS: Flowers, Vegetables, Fruits etc., These are also cash crops.
5. FIBRE CROPS: Cotton, Wool, Silk, Flax, Jute.
Q17. What are the two major crop seasons of India?
KHARIF: Crops grown during rainy seasons under wet ground conditions like rice, sugar cane etc., Sown during June/July and harvested in September/ October.
RABI: Crops grown during dry winter seasons - wheat, barley, linseed, mustard, grams etc.,
Q18. What is Dryland Farming?
Agriculture that relies on rains primarily, is called so.
Q19. What are the various types of irrigation?
1. Flood Irrigation
2. Canal System
3.
Overhead Sprinkle System
4. Centre Pivot Irrigation System
5. Lateral Move Irrigation
6. Drip or Trickle Irrigation
7.
Sub Irrigation.

Except the first two, all the other modes are advanced technologies, mostly followed in Europe and Americas and other advance countries. In India, efforts are in full swing to educate the farmers of the advantages of the latest technologies, for better water management.
Q20. What are the types of soils and their suitability for various types of crops?
1. Clay Loam: Wheat
2. Nutrient, Muddy, Under Saturated Water: Rice
3. Deep Loamy Well Drained Calcareous Soil: Sugar Cane.
4. Black Soil - Dry Land - Sparsely Rain Fed: Cotton
5. Deep, Well Rained and Drained Hilly Slopes : Tea.
6. Humus, Rich in Iron and Potash well Drained: Coffee.
Q21. What are Fertilizers?
Substances added to the soil to improve nutritional quality .
Q22. How the fertilizers are generally classified?
ORGANIC: purely chemical free manure or fertilizers from natural waste. INORGANIC: Chemical based fertilizers.
Q23. What are the main chemicals content of inorganic (also called synthetic) fertilizers?
Nitrogen, Phosphorous and Potassium.
Q24. What are Nitrogenous fertilizers?
Urea: with about 46% nitrogen.
Ammonium Sulphate: with about 21% Nitrogen
Calcium (or) Ammonium Nitrate: with about 20% Nitrogen.
Q25. How does Nitrogen help the plants?
It helps in the rapid growth of the plants and increases their protein content.
Q26. What are the Phosphatic fertilizers and how do they help the plants?
Single Superphosphate -- SSP; Triple Superphosphate - TSP. They help in flowing of plants.
Q27. What are Potassic fertilizers and how they help the plants?
They are composite fertilizers of several grades of all the three important chemicals viz: Nitrogen, Phosphorous and Potassium, called NPK. They improve the fertility of the soil.
Q28. What are the leading fertilizer manufacturing companies of India?
1.IFFCO - Indian Farmers and Fertilizers Co. Ltd., Established in 1967, has units at Kalol, Kandla, Phulpur, Aomla and Paradeep.
2.Gujarat State Fertilizers and Chemicals Ltd., Vadodara, Gujarat.
3.Southern Petrochemical Industries Corporation., Tuticorin, Tamilnadu.
4.Indo Gulf Fertilizers: Jagdishpur, Lucknow.
5.Godavari Fertilizers and chemicals Ltd., Kakinada., Andhra Pradesh.
6.Gujarat Narmada Valley Fertilizers Co.Ltd., Narmadanagar, Gujarat.
Q29. What are the important farm equipments and how are they useful?
1. Tractor: The word is derived from "Trahere" meaning to "pull" from Latin. Henry Ford was the first to manufacture in large scale under the brand name "Fordson" and came to be used in 1892. In India, TAFE - Tractor and Farm Equipments Ltd., and Mahindra and Mahindra are the leading manufacturers of tractors.It is useful in many ways right from tilling the farm lands to carrying loads.
2.Cultivator: For stirring and pulverizing the soil.
3.Chisel Plough:To loosen and aerate the soil.
4.Harrows: they are of different varieties - used for deeper cultivation and to break solids.
5.Rotary Tiller: A motorized cultivator.
There are other equipments like, spreader, soiler, planter, sprayer, sickle, mower, loader, grinder and harvester meant for specific purposes.
Q30. What are the various garden tools?
Spade, Fork, Shears, Hoe, Rake, Mower, Trimmer, Sprinklers, Aerators, Sweepers, Blowers etc.,
Q31. What is the famous canal project of India to facilitate and improve agricultural activity in the deserts of Rajasthan?
Indira Gandhi Canal: India's biggest canal project. Starting from the Harike Barrage at the confluence of Sutlej and Beas rivers, runs for 167 Kms in Punjab and Haryana and then in Rajasthan for 483 Kms (total 650 Kms) upto Jaisalmer in Rajasthan. It mainly caters to Jaisalmer and Barmer districts of Rajasthan.
Q32. What is a Reservoir, where are they formed and how they are useful?
Reservoirs are large area of storage of water generally formed behind dams built across rivers and also in valleys where rain water flow is heavy and can be stored. Used for irrigation through canals, and for hydropower generation. Dams thus built also act as a flood control measure.
Q33. List the various reservoirs of importance in India?
There are only a few natural/artificial reservoirs without any dam. Rest of them are man made reservoirs born out of constructions of dams across any river. Most of the reservoirs carry the name of the dam or the town/village in which they are located.
Q34. Which is the largest reservoir in the world?
Lake Volta in Western Africa - 8500 SQKM.
Q35. What is a Dam?
A man made constructed barrier to obstruct, store or impound the flow of water.
Q36. How the dams are classified?
1. Low Level - below 30 mtrs. 2.Medium Level - 30 to 100 mtrs. 3.High Level - Above 100 mtrs.
Q37. What is a Saddle Dam?
An auxiliary dam constructed to confirm the reservoir created by a primary dam either to permit a higher water elevation and storage or to limit the extent of a reservoir for increased efficiency.
Q38. What is an Overflow dam?
Designed to be over topped. A "weir" - a low dam built in a river to back up or divert water - is a overflow type dam, commonly used to raise the level of a river or stream.
Q39. What is a Check Dam?
A small dam designed to reduce the flow velocity and control soil erosion.
Q40. What is a Wing Dam?
A structure that only partly restricts a water way creating a faster channel that resists the accumulation of sediment.
Q41. What is a Dry Dam?
A dam designed to control sudden flooding. Normally there will be no water storage in them.
Q42. What is a Diversionary Dam?
A structure designed to divert all or a portion of the flow of water of a river from its natural course.
Q43. What are Embankment Dams?
They are compacted earth which may be earth or rock filled depending on the volume of water they are expected to hold.
Q44. What are Masonry Dams?
They are built with mortar under engineering guidelines. They are of two types - 1. Gravity and 2. Arch types.
Q45. What are Gravity Dams?
They are dams in which stability is secured by making it of such a size shape that it will resist overturning, sliding or crushing at the toe.
Q46. What are Arch Dams?
Dams in which stability is obtained through a combination of arch and gravity action.
Q47. Which is the oldest dam built in India?
GRAND ANAICUT - also called "Kallanai" built by Chola dynasty king Karikalan in the I century AD. It is near Tiruchirapalli in Tamilnadu. Also a famous picnic spot.
Q48. Which is the largest Dam in the world?
THREE GORGES DAM - 185 mtrs in height, 115 mtrs in width and 2335 mtrs in length across Yangtze river, in Hebei, China. It is also the highest dam in the world.
Q49. Which is the longest dam in the world?
HIRAKUD DAM - Across Mahanadi river near Sambalpur in Odisha. It is about 26 Km in length with a storage length of 55 Kms. First dam built by independent India.
Q50. List India's various major dams?
No.Name of the DamRiverPlace
1.BaghligharChenabChandrakot, J&K
2.BansagarSonShahdol, MP
3.BargiNarmadaJabalpur, MP
4.BakraSutlejPunjab & HP
5.IdukkiPeriyarIdukki Dt., Kerala
6.Nagarjuna SagarKrishnaMacherla, AP
7.KoynaKrishnaChilpud, Maharashtra
8.MetturCauveryMettur, Tamilnadu
9.Krishnaraja SagarCauveryMandya Dt, Karnataka
10.Sri SailamKrishnaSri Sailam, AP
11.VaigaiVaigaiAndipatti, TN
12.TehriBhagirathiUttaranchal
13.Mullai PeriyarPeriyarThekkady, TN
14.Malam Puzha DamMalampuzhaPalakkad, TN
15.Salauli DamSalauliSouth Goa
16Pong DamBeas RiverKangra, HP
17.Pandoh DamBeas RiverKangra, HP
18.Ranjeet Sagar DamRaaviMandi Dt., HP
19.Linganamakki DamShravatiKarnataka
20Banasura Sagar DamKabiniWayanad
21Parambikulam DamParambikulamKerala
22Gandhisagar DamChambalMandsaur Dt., MP
23Indrasagar DamNarmadaKhandwa, MP
24Madikheda DamSindhShivpuri, MP
25Rana Pratap Sagar DamChambalRawatbhatta, Raj.
26Bhavanisagar DamBhavaniErode Dt., TN
27Sathanur DamThenpennaiChengam, TN
Q51. Which is the highest dam in India?
Tehri Dam 261mtr/855 ft - 8th tallest in the world.
Q52. Which is the first dam built by Independent India?
Hirakud Dam across Mahanadhi river, Sambalpur, Odisha.
Q53. What is unique about the Parambikulam Dam in Kerala?
It ranks number one in India as well as in the top ten embankment dams in the world in volume capacity.
Q54. Where is the famous Gobindsagar reservoir?
Bilaspur Dt., Himachal Pradesh, a man made reservoir across Sutlej River. It is named after the tenth Sikh Guru Gobind.
Q55. What record Idukki Dam in Kerala holds?
It is the highest arch dam in Asia.
Q56. What is the most famous garden located with Krishnarajasagar dam in Karnataka?
Brindavan Gardens.
Q57. What is the name of the reservoir with the dam across Kaveri in Mettur, Salem Dt., TN?
Stanley Reservoir.
Q58. Raising the height of which dam is a bone of contention between two South Indian States?
Mullaiperiyar Dam, between Tamilnadu and Kerala.It is located on the Cardamom Hills of Western Ghats, Idukki Dt., of Kerala and bordering Tamilnadu.
Q59. Which is the recruitment body for Agricultural scientists for various agricultural research institutions?
Agricultural Scientists Recruitment Board under Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Delhi.
Q60. What are the various Agricultural Awards?
1. Sardar Patel Outstanding ICAR Institution Award: For Institutions/ Directorates for best agricultural research and education. The Award carries a prize money of Rs. 5 Lacs for two institutions.
2. Chaudhari Devi Lal Award: For co-ordinated research projects.
3. Jawahar Lal Award: Post Graduation Agricultural Research Awards - 18 Awards of Rs.20000/- each.
4. Vasant Rao Naik Award - Rs. 1 Lac award for water conservation and dryland farming.
5. National Krishi Vigyan Kendra Award: Three awards of Rs. 1 Lac to three such kendras.
6. Hari Om Ashram Trust Award: Rs.40000/- for four scientists engaged in research.
7. Lal Bahadur Shastri Award - Rs.25000/- for all scientists below 35 years of age who have completed Ph.D.
8. Rafi Ahmed Kidwai Award: 9 Awards of Rs. 3 Lacs. Alternate year for all research workers.
9. Swami Sahajanand Saraswati Award: Four Awards of Rs.25000/- each.
10.Jagjivan Ram Kisan Puraskar : Two awards of one lakh each for outstanding contribution for agriculture.
11.N G Ranga Farmer Award: One award of one lakh for innovative and diversified agricultural activity.
12.Chaudhari Charan Singh Award: One award of one lakh for agricultural R & D journalism.
Q61. What are the various branches of study in the field of Agriculture?
There are a number of studies and branches within each, To mention a few:
1. Agricullture: A general terminology connected with it. To be simple, it is the systematic raising of plants and animals.
2. Agronomy: The science and technology of producing and using plants for food, fuel, feed, fiber and reclamation. It includes plant genetics, plant physiology, meteorology and soil science.
3. Animal Husbandry: The practice of breeding and raising live stock.
4. Aquaculture: Farming of aquatic organisms such as fish, crustaceans, moluscs and aquatic plants.
5. Apiculture: Bee keeping.
6. Agricultural Chemistry: Aims at preserving or increasing the fertility of soil, maintaining or improving the agricultural yield and improving the quality of crop. It is also the study of both chemistry and biochemistry which are important in agricultural production, the processing of raw products into food and beverages and in environmental monitoring and remediation. These studies emphasize the relationship between plants, animals and bacteria and their environment.
7. Agricultural Communication: A field of study and work that focuses on communication about agricultural related information among agricultural stake holders and between agricultural and non-agricultural stakeholders.
8. Agricultural Economics: Application of the principles of economics to the production of crops and live stock.
9. Agronomics: A branch of economics that specifically deal with land usage. It focuses on maximizing the crop yield while maintaining a good soil ecosystem.
10. Agricultural Education: Instruction about crop production, live stock management, soil and water conservation and various other aspects of agriculture. It improves the quality of life for all people, by helping farmers increase their production, conserve resources and provide nutritious foods.
11. Agricultural Engineering: The engineering discipline that applies engineering science and technology to agricultural production and processing.
12. Agricultural Science: It is a broad multidisciplinary field that encompasses the parts of exact, natural, economic and social sciences that are used in the practice and understanding of agriculture.
13. Agroecology: Application of ecological principles to the production of food fuel, fiber and pharmaceuticals.
14. Agricultural Marketing: Services involved in moving an agricultural product from the farm to the consumer, which includes transit preservation warehousing, mandatory checks on shelf life and counter sales of products.
15. Dairy Farming: An agricultural activity of long term production of milk from milk cows, goats, sheeps etc., and further in house or external processing to consumption level.
16. Edaphology: Study concerned with the influence of soils on living things particularly plants.
17. Food Processing: Set of methods and techniques used to transform raw ingredients into food, or to transform food into other forms of consumption by humans or animals either in the home or by the food processing industry. Food products are produced in attractive marketable and often long shelf life products. It includes the study of food borne diseases, mandatory warnings, preservation techniques, packaging, quality assurance and warehousing etc.,
18. Food Science:Study concerned with all technical aspects of food from harvest to consumption.
19. Forestry: The art and science of tree resources including plantations and natural stands.
20. Horticulture; Science of plant cultivation including the process of preparing soil for planting of seeds, tubers or cuttings, landscaping, manicuring etc.,
21. Mariculture: Cultivation of marine organisms for food and other products in the open ocean or in enclosed section or in tanks, ponds with sea water.
22. Sericulture: Silk farming - rearing of silkworms for raw silk production.
23. Silviculture: Involves the growing and tending of trees and forests.
Q62. Who are the famous Agricultural Scientists of the world?
1. Robert Bakewell: 1725-1795 - British agriculturist - Famous for systematic selective breeding of live stock.
2. Norman Borlaug: 1914-2009 - USA - " Father of Green Revolution ", "Nobel Laureate" for peace in 1970 - Padma Vibhushan - Responsible for developing semi-dwarf, high yield and disease resistant wheat varieties which helped India to become food secured in the 1970s, and also many other countries to become self sufficient, buffer stocking and to become exporters.
3. Luther Burbank: 1849-1926 - USA - Horticulturist - He created more than 800 strains and varieties of plants on fruits, flowers, grains, grasses, and vegetables.
4. George Washington Carver: 1864-1943 : USA - Scientist, Botanist, Educator, Inventor who promoted peanuts and sweet potatoes as alternative crops and also produced number of items from them for day to day consumption.
5. Rene Dumont: 1904 - 2001 - French agronomist. He was preaching for demographic control, energy savings, international cooperation to help poor countries on agriculture, soil quality preservation and remediation.
6. Charles Roy Henderson: 1911-1989 : USA - a pioneer in animal breeding - genetic evaluation of domestic live stock.
7. Joy Lawrence Lush : 1896-1982 - USA - renowned animal geneticist - and made important contributions to live stock breeding - sometimes called the "father of modern scientific animal breeding".
8. Gregor Mendell - 1822-1884 : Austria - famous geneticist worked in the study of the inheritance of certain traits in pea plants. However, he received only posthumous fame when his works came to be recognized later.
9. Louis Pasteur: 1822-1895 - French Microbiologist - known for his pasteurization process - creator of vaccines for rabies and anthrax.
10.Carl Linnaeus: 1707-1778 - Sweden - known for his 'binomial nomenclature" of plants. Known as the father of modern taxonomy.
11.M.S.Swaminathan - 1925 - India - known as the "father of Indian Green Revolution" for his innovative concepts and inputs to the faming community during the late 1960s and 1970s. Introduced varieties of high yielding wheat.
Q63. What are the agricultural produces from different states of India?
No.ProduceStates
1.WheatUttar Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana
2.RiceTamilnadu, West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh
3.GramsMadhya Pradesh, Tamilnadu
4.BarleyMaharashtra, Gujarat, Rajasthan
5.BajraMaharashtra, Gujarat, Rajasthan
6.Sugar CaneUP, Maharashtra, Tamilnadu
7.PoppyUttar Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Punjab
8.CoconutKerala, Tamilnadu
9.LinseedMadhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh
10.Ground NutAndhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Tamilnadu
11.Rape Seed, MustardRajasthan, UttarPradesh
12.SesameUttar Pradesh, Rajasthan
13.Sun FlowerMaharashtra, Karnataka
14.CottonMaharashtra, Gujarat
15.JuteWest Bengal, Bihar
16.SilkKarnataka, Kerala, Assam
17.HempMadhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh
18.CoffeeKarnataka, Kerala
19.RubberKerala, Karnataka
20.TeaAssam, Kerala, Tamilnadu
21.TobaccoGujarat, Maharashtra, MP and AP
22.PepperKerala, Karnataka, Tamilnadu
23.Cashew NutsKerala, Tamilnadu, Andhra Pradesh, Goa
24.GingerKerala, Uttar Pradesh
25.TurmericAndhra Pradesh, Odisha, Tamilnadu
26CardamomKerala, Karnataka, Sikkim, Tamilnadu
27ChilliesMaharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Tamilnadu
28Castor SeedGujarat, Andhra Pradesh
29.ClovesKerala
30SaffronJammu & Kashmir
31.RagiKarnataka, Tamilnadu, Jammu & Kashmir
32VegetablesMaharashtra, Tamilnadu
33.AppleJammu & Kashmir, Tamilnadu
34.MaizeUttar Pradesh
35.SoyabeanMadhya Pradesh
36Orange, GuavaMaharashtra, Andhra Pradesh.
Q64. What is India's record in agricultural produces?
1. Largest producer of: Millet, Tea, Cardamom, Spices, Turmeric, Ginger, Sugar Cane, Pulses and Milk.
2. Largest Irrigated lands.
3. Largest population of cattle.
4. Largest exporter of Cardamom.
Q65. Which is the largest rubber producing country?
Malaysia.
Q66. Which state of India is the largest producer of Soyabean?
Madhya Pradesh.
Q67. Which continent produces world's 90% rice out put?
Asia.
Q68. Which city/state is famous for the production of Basmati rice?
Dehradun, Uttarakhand.
Q69. Which state is the major producer of wheat?
Uttar Pradesh.
Q70. Which country is the major producer of Coffee?
Brazil.
Q71. Which country is the major producer of Vanilla?
Madagascar.
Q72. India is the leading producer of ..........?
Tea, Milk, Spices
Q73. Jute is the major produce of ?
Bangladesh
Q74. Ghana is the world's leading producer of?
Cocoa.
Q75. What are the major agricultural produce of Kerala?
Coconut, Rubber and Spices.
Q76. Which state of India is known as "Spice Garden"?
Kerala.
Q77. Cotton cultivation will be ideal in..........?
Black soil with tropical climatic conditions.
Q78. Which country is called the "Sugar Bowl"?
Cuba.
Q79. Which country is known as the "Island of Cloves"?
Zanzibar.
Q80. World's leading producer of Ground Nut is..........?
India.
Q81. Which country is the largest producer of Barley?
Canada.
Q82. Cultivation of Rice requires?
Stiff soil, saturated water and high temperature.
Q83. Which country is the leading sugar-cane grower?
India.
Q84. Which country is the largest producer of Cotton?
USA.
Q85. Which country tops the world in wool production?
Australia.
Q86. After rice, wheat is the next staple food item. Which country tops the world in wheat production?
USA.
Q87. Which country is the world's largest producer of oil seeds?
India.
Q88. Although USA is the largest producer of cotton in the world, which country's produce is very famous?
Sudan.
Q89. While India is the leading grower of sugarcane, neighboring country is the world's leading exporter of sugar. Which one is it?
China.
Q90. Nile Delta is the most fertile in the world. What is the important crop of this region and famous for its quality?
Cotton - called as Egyptian cotton.
Q91. Which country is the largest producer of quality teak wood?
Burma, now Myanmar.