The totality of everything that exist - the cosmic, geological and physiological features.

Three -

1. Big Bang

2. Oscillating

3. Steady State.

The Big Bang Theory.

It conveys that the Universe had its origin through a giant explosion some about 18 million years ago. The matter flung out of this explosion grows old the matter in it thins out. The expansion continues indefinitely.

It is actually an extention of the Big Bang theory and suggests that the expansion of the universe will eventually slow down and stop, followed by the contraction of the galaxies into another Big Bang. The Universe therefore, continues in endless cycles of expansion and contraction with the laws of nature differing in each cycle.

It is a contradiction of the Big Bang. It suggests that the Universe never originated at any one instant nor will it ever die. It further suggests that as the Universe expands, new matter is created and fills the space left. Thus the appearance of the Universe remains constant with the time.

Jayant V.Narlikar. A world famous Astrophysicist from Kolhapur, Maharashtra. He is a Padma Vibhushan awardee.

LHC stands for Large Hadron Collider. It has been in the news, as it attempts to recreate the conditions just after the Big Bang.

HUBBLE CONSTANT : It is the name for the astronomical observation in physical cosmology that ---
1) all objects observed in deep space (interstellar space) are found to have a "Doppler shift" observable relative velocity to Earth, and to each other, and
2) that this "Doppler shift" measured velocity, of various galaxies, receding from the Earth and all other interstellar bodies. In effect, the space time volume of the observable universe is expanding and Hubble's Law is the direct physical observation of this process. The law is often expressed by the equation V = HoD with Ho the constant proportionality (the Hubble Constant) between the "proper distance" D to a galaxy (which can change over time, unlike the commoving distance) and its velocity v (i.e the derivative of proper distance with respect to cosmological time coordinate).
3) In simple terms, it means "a ratio expressing the rate of apparent expansion of the Universe, equal to the velocity at which a typical galaxy is receding from earth divided by its distance from Earth".
The law was derived from the "General Relativity" equations by Georges Lemaitre in 1927, roughly suggesting an estimated value of the rate of Expansion (to be called as Hubble Constant later). In 1929, Edwin Hubble confirmed the existence that law and determined a more accurate value for the constant which is now known by his name.