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RASHTRAKUTAS -753 - 973 AD

Q1. Rashtrakutas are from which part of India and what was their language?
They were actually from the Lattur (earlier Lattalura) of Maharashtra region and spoke Kannad
Q2. Who founded the Rashtrakuta dynasty?
DANTI DURGA - 735 - 756 He was a feudatory of the Chalukyas. He invaded and brought under his control the Malwa region from Pratiharas and established his control by performing "Hiranyagarbhadana" at Ujjain.Slowly he won over Madhya Pradesh and central and Southern Gujarat.He even defeated Kirtivarman II of the Chalukyas and proclaimed himself as the ruler of the entire Deccan.
Q3. Who succeeded Dantidurga?
As Dantidurga had no issues, his uncle Krishna I - 756 to 774 succeeded.
Q4. What are the territorial gains made by Krishna I?
After securing his position in Maharashtra and Karnataka, Krishna invaded Gangawadi (now Mysore) when it was under the rule of Ganga ruler Sri Purusha, and allowed him to continue as a feudatory. He also made Vijayaaditya of Vengi to submit through his crown prince Govinda.
Q5. Who succeeded Krishna I?
GOVINDAII/DHRUVA - 774 - 793 Govinda II assumed the throne but left it to his younger brother Dhruva who seized the opportunity. He established his authority over Deccan and also defeated Vatsraja of the Pratiharas at Kanauj, and also defeated Dharmapala of the Palas at Ganga Yamuna Doab.Of his four sons, he made his third son Govinda as his successor.
Q6. Who succeeded Govinda II?
Govinda III - 793 - 814 He subdued his agitated brother STAMBHA and made a vast inroads in the northern territory by defeating Nagabhatta II of Pratiharas at Kanauj and also Dharmapala of the Bengal. He also defeated the minor kings of north and established his control over north also.
Q7. Who succeeded Govinda III?
Sarva better known as Amoghavarsha I - 814 - 878 . He ruled for 64 years but had to face lot of hostility from his feudatories and also from his neighbours. He also lost some territories.
Q8. Amogavarsha took keen interest in which religion and who his preceptor?
Jainism. Jinasena the author of Adipurana was his preceptor.
Q9. Who were the other Rashtrakuta rulers?

Krishna II (878-914);

Indra III (914-929);

Amogavarsha II (929-930);

Govinda IV (930-936);

Amoghavarsha III (936-939);

Krishna III (939-962);

Khottiga (967-972);

Karka II (972-973)   and finally

Indra IV (973-982) - with whom the Rashtrakuta ruling came to an end. Among the above, the notable were:

KRISHNA III - He captured Kanchi and Tanjore of the Cholas and after defeating Kerala and Pandya Kings, he reached Rameswaram and stayed there for sometime. Through out his reign he held Deccan region firmly under his control and also the region called Tondai-mandala comprising of Arcot, Chingleput and Vellore Districts of Tamilnadu. It took many years for the Cholas to regain Kanchi and Tanjore through a pitched battled at Takkolam (near Arakkonam) Tamilnadu in 949 AD. During the end of his career the disintegration of the Rastrakutas appeared.

KOTTIGA - He lost out to Siyaka, king of Paramara of Ujjain and had tocede the territories won by Krishna III.

KARKA II - Succeeded Khottiga but within a short period lost his command over Deccan. The feudatories started revolting against the Rashtrakutas, notable among them was THAILA II of the Chalukya family who went to form the Western Chalukya Dynasty.

Q10. During the period of Rashtrakutas, how was the empire divided and administered?

RASHTRAS - Provinces administered by Rashtrapati.

VISHAYAS - Districts administered by Vishayapati.

BHUKTIS - 50 to 70 villages administered by Bhogapatis.

Q11. How were the revenue officials called during Rashtrakutas?
Nalgavundas OR Desagaramakutas.
Q12. Who were the scholars present during Rashtrakuta period and what are their literary contributions?
SCHOLARS CONTRIBUTION LANGUAGE/SUBJECT
Trivikrama        Nalachampu     Sanskrit
Halayudha        Kavi Rahasya     Sanskrit
Akalanka        Ashtasati     Jainism
Vidyananda        Ashtasahasri     Jainism
Manikyanandin        Parikshamukhasastra     Nyayakaumudi Chandrodaya
Harisena        Harivamsa     Jainism
Jinasena        Parsvabhyudaya  
Sankatayana        Amoghavritti     Grammar
Viracharya        Ganitasarasamgrahaka Maths.  
Pampa I        Adi Purana     Canarese
Vikramarajunavijaya        Canarese  
Ponna        Shanti Purana      Canarese.