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ZOOS, SANCTUARIES AND NATIONAL PARKS

Q1. How is it generally called?
Zoo.
Q2. What is the other historical term for Zoo?
A Menagerie.
Q3. What is a Zoo/Zoological Garden?
A large enclosed area where animals are kept in separate enclosures with man made natural surroundings and fed with their normal diet by trained attendants.
Q4. Which is the oldest zoo in the world?
Vienna Zoo in Austria is the oldest existing zoo, established in 1752 by the Hasburg dynasty.
Q5. Which is the oldest zoo in India?
Alipore Zoo, Kolkatta established in 1800 established by Arthur Wellesley. In this zoo, lived Adwaita an Aldabra Giant Tortois, said to be over 250 years old and died.
Q6. What are the various Zoological gardens / Zoos in India?
1. Arignar Anna Zoological Park, Vandalur, Chenai.
2. Indira Gandhi Zoological Park, Hyderabad.
3. Jijamata Udayam, Byculla, Mumbai.
4. Chennai Chrocodile Park, Chennai.
5. Marble Palace Zoo, Kolkata.
6. Nehru Zoological Park, Hyderabad.
7. Zoological Garden, Mysore.
8. Nanakannan Zoo, Bhubaneshwar, Orissa.
9. Guwahati Zoo, Assam.
10. Sakkar Bagh Zoological Garden, Junayodh, Gujarat.
11. Sepahijala Zoo, Tripura.
12. Padmaja Naidu Himalayan Zoological Park, Darjeeling, West Bengal.
13. Parasinakkadavu Snake Park, Kannur, Kerala.
14. Kamala Nehru Zoo, Indore, Madhya Pradesh.
Q7. What is a "Sanctuary" with reference to animals?
An area reserved for conservation of animals, where hunting and trapping is prohibited. Harvesting of timber, collection of forest products and private ownership rights are permitted. There are around 368 sanctuaries in 1,07,310 Square kilo meter that is about 3.2% of land of India.
Q8. Mention a few famous sanctuaries of India?
1. Achana Kumar Sanctuary, Bilaspur, Chattisgarh.
2. Bhadra Sanctuary, Chickmagalur, Karnataka.
3. Bhimbandh Sanctuary, Monghyr, Bijar.
4. Bori Sanctuary, Hoshangabad, Madhya Pradesh.
5. Buxa Tiger Sanctuary, Jalpaiguri, West Bengal.
6. Chandraprabha Sanctuary, Varnasi, Uttar Pradesh.
7. Dachigam Sanctuary, Dachigam, J & K.
8. Dalma Sanctuary, Singhbhumk, Jharkhand.
9. Dandeli Sanctuary, Dharwar, Karnataka.
10. Gandhinagar Sanctuary, Mandsaur, Madhya Pradesh.
11. Garampani Sanctuary, Diphu, Assam.
12. Ghana Sanctuary, Bharatpur, Rajasthan Birds Sanctuary.
13. Gautam Buddha Sanctuary, Gaya, Bihar.
14. Hazaribagh Sanctuary, Hazaribagh, Jharkhand.
15. Intangki Sanctuary, Kohima, Nagaland.
16. Jaldapara Sanctuary, Jaldapara, West Bengal.
17. Kawal Sanctuary, Adilabad, Andhra Pradesh.
18. Kinnersami Sanctuary, Khamrson, Andhra Pradesh.
19. Nandafa Sanctuary, Tirap, Arunachal Pradesh.
20. Pachmarhi Sanctuary, Hoshangabad, Madhya Pradesh.
21. Pakhal Sanctuary, Warangal, Andhra Pradesh.
22. Parambikulam Sanctuary, Palghat, Kerala.
23. Ranganathitoo Sanctuary, Cauvery Island, Karnataka - Bird sanctuary.
24. Saraswathi Valley Sanctuary, Shimoga, Karnataka.
25. Shikari Devi Sanctuary, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh.
26. Someshwara Sanctuary, Canara, Karnataka.
27. Sonai Rupa Sanctuary, Tezpur, Assam.
28. Tadwai Sanctuary, Warangal, Andhra Pradesh.
29. Tansa Sanctuary, Thane, Maharashtra.
30. Vedanthangal Sanctuary, Chengalput, T.Nadu - Birds.
31. Sanctuary, Rann of Kutch, Gujarat.
Q9. What is a National Park?
An area which is strictly reserved for the protection of wild life. In these areas, activities like forestry, grazing, cultivation, poaching or hunting are completely prohibited. These are about 100 national parks, covering an area 33,988 Square Kilometers about 1% of India's Land area.
Q10. What are the various National Parks in India?
1) Anshi National Park: Dandeli, N.Karnataka.
2) Balapahran National Park: Meghalaya.
3) Bhandavgarh National Park: Umaria, Madhya Pradesh.
4) Bandipur National Park: Chamarajnagar, Karnataka.
5) Bannerghatta National Park: Bangaluru, Karnataka.
6) Borivli National Park: Mumbai, Maharashtra.
7) Betla National Park: Palamur District, Jharkhand.
8) Bitra Kanika National Park: Kasdrapara, Orissa.
9) Black Buck National Park: Bhavnagar, Orissa.
10) Corbett National Park: Nainital, Uttaranchal.
11) Campbell Bay National Park: Great Nicobar Islands.
12) Chaudoli National Park: Sanghi District, Maharashtra.
13) Desert National Park: Jaisalmer, Rajasthan.
14) Dibrusaikhowa National Park: Tirsukia, Assam.
15) Dudhwa National Park: Kheri Dt., U.P.
16) Eravikulam National Park: Idukki Dt., Kerala.
17) Fossil National Park: Manolla Dt., M.P.
18) Gir National Park: Junagarh, Gujarat.
19) Galathea National Park: Great Nicobar Island.
20) Gangotri National Park: Uttarkhand.
21) Gorumara National Park: Jalpaiguri, West Bengal.
22) Great Himalayan National Park: Kullu, Himachal Pradesh.
23) Gugamal National Park: Amaravati, Gujarat.
24) Guindy National Park: Chennai, Tamil Nadu.
25) Gulf of Kutch National Park: Jainnagar Dt., Gujarat.
26) Gulf of Mannar Marine National Park: Gulf of Mannar, Tamil Nadu.
27) Hemis National Park: Ladakh.
28) Indira Gandhi National Park: Anamalai Hills, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu
29) Indravati National Park: Dantewada,
30) Kalesar National Park: 150 Kms from Chandigarh, Haryana.
31) Kanha National Park: Mandla, M.P.
32) Kanger Ghati National Park: Bastar, Chandigarh.
33) Kasu Brahmananda Reddy National Park: Hyderabad, A.P.
34) Kaziranga National Park: Golaghat, Assam.
35) Keibul Lamjad National Park: Manipur.
36) Keoladeo National Park: Keoladeo, Rajasthan.
37) Khangchendzonga National Park: Gangtok, Sikkim.
38) Khistwar National Park: Dodda Dt., J&K.
39) Kudremukh National Park: Chickmagalur, Karnataka.
40) Madhav National Park: Shivpur District, M.P.
41) Mahatma Gandhi Marine National Park: Wandoor, A & N islands.
42) Mahavira Harina Vanasthali National Park: Hyderabad, A.P.
43) Manas National Park: Barpeta Rd, Assam.
44) Mattikhetta Shola National Park: Idukki, Kerala45) Middle Button Island National Park: Port Blair, A & N Islands.
46) Mollen National Park: Goa.
47) Mouling National Park: Siang Dt., Arunachal Pradesh.
48) Mount Abu Wild Life National Park: Mt.Abu, Rajasthan.
49) Mount Hariet National Park: A & N Islands.
50) Mrugavani National Park: Hyderabad, A.P.51) Mudumalai National Park: Coimbatore Dt., T.Nadu.
52) Mukkuruthi National Park: Nilgiris Dt., T.Nadu.
53) Murlien National Park: Champani Dt., Mizoram.
54) Nagerhole National Park: Coorg Dt., Karnataka.
55) Nawegaon National Park: Bhandara, Maharashtra.
56) Nameri National Park: Somitpur Dt., Assam.
57) Nanda Devi National Park: Uttarakhand.
58) Navegaon National Park: Maharashtra.
59) Neora Valley National Park: Darjeeling, West Bengal.
60) Nokrek National Park: Meghalaya.
61) North Button National Park: A & N Islands.
62) Orang National Park: Tezpur, Assam.
63) Palani Hills National Park: Dindigul Dt., Tamil Nadu.
64) Panna National Park: Chhatapur,
65) Pench National Park: Chindwara Dt., M.P
66) Periyar National Park: Idukki 66.Pathanamthitta, Kerala.
67) Phwangpui Blue Mountain National Park: Chin Hills, Mizoram.
68) Pin Valley National Park: Spiti Valley, Shimla.
69) Rajaji National Park: Uttarakhand.
70) Rani Jhansi Marine National Park: A & N Islands.
71) Ranathambore National Park: Sawai Madhopur, Rajasthan.
72) Rohla National Park: Kulu, H.P.
73) Saddle Peak National Park: A & N Islands.
74) Salim Ali National Park: Srinagar, Kashmir.
75) Sanjay Gandhi National Park: Mumbai, Maharashtra.
76) Sariska National Park: Alwar, Rajasthan.
77) Satpura National Park: Hoshargabad, M.P.
78) Silent National Park: Kerala.
79) Sirohi National Park: Manipur.
80) Simlipal National Park: Mayurbhanj, Orissa.
81) Singalila National Park:Darjeeling, W. Bengal.
82) South Button Island National Park: A & N. Islands.
83) Sri Venkateswara National Park: Cuddappah Dt., A.P.
84) Sultanpur National Park: Gurgaon, Haryana.
85) Sundarbans National Park:Sunderbans, W.Bengal.
86) Shivpuri National Park: Shivpuri, M.P.
87) Tadoba National Park: Chandrapur, Maharashtra.
88) Tungabadra National Park: Bellary, Karnataka.
89) Valvadore National Park: Bharnagar, Gujarat.
90) Valley of Flowers National Park: Garhwal, Uttarkhand.
91) Valmiki National Park: Champaran Dt., Bihar.
92) Vanvihar National Park:
93) Anamudi Shola National Park, Kerala
94) Buxa Tiger Reserve, West Bengal

Q11. What is "Project Tiger" and when was it launched?
A project to save the tigers from poaching and extinction. It was launched from 1.4.1973 of the National Parks and Sanctuaries in India, 17 have been earmarked for this project. Launched at Jim Corbett National Park, Uttarakhand which is spread across Garhwal and Nainital districts.
Q12. When was "Project Elephant" launched?
In the 8th plan of 1991-92.
Q13. What is the major difference between Zoos and National Parks / Sanctuaries?
1) Zoos are where animals are kept in captivity in artificial enclosures resembling nature and fed by caretakers and with medical personnel available for any emergencies. 2) In a National Park / Sanctuary, the animals are allowed to live in their regions protected from being poached or occupied.
Q14. What is the difference between National Park and Sanctuaries?
National Parks are completely prevented or protected from any human activity while certain relaxations like human habitation, harvesting of forest products (except poaching of animals) are allowed, in Sanctuaries.
Q15. Which authority controls and manages the Zoos, National Parks and Sanctuaries in India?
Central Zoo Authority of India.
Q16. Which National Park has the largest population of Tigers?
Bandargarh National Park, Umaria District, M.P.
Q17. Where is the country's first Butterfly Park established?
Bandipur National Park, Chamaraj Nagar, Karnataka.
Q18. In which National Park one can find large number of the endangered specie bird 'The Great Indian Bustard'?
Desert National Park, Jaisalmer, Rajasthan.
Q19. Which is the oldest National Park of India?
Corbett National Park, Uttarakhand spread across Garhwal and Nainital Districts, established in 1936.
Q20. Where can we find large population of "Nilgiri Tahr" a sheep specie?
Eravikulam National Park, Idukki District, Kerala.
Q21. Which National Park is home for Asiatic Lions?
Gir National Park, Junagadh Dt., Gujarat.
Q22. Which National Park houses the great one horned Rhinoceros?
Kaziranga National Park, Golaghat and Nagaon Dt., Assam.
Q23. Lord Linlithgow, former viceroy of British India was infamous for killing over 4200 birds in a single hunting expedition. In which National Park the incident had taken place?
Keoladeo National Park, Rajasthan. It is named after "Keoladeo" a Lord Shiva Temple within the park. The park was established by Maharaja of Bharatpur.
Q24. Where are the South Button, North Button and Saddle Peak National Parks?
Andaman & Nicobar Islands.
Q25. "The Jungle Book" Rudyard Kipling's novel is set on which National Park?
Pench National Park, near Nagpur, Maharashtra.
Q26. Where is the National Park, named after Salim Ali the famous ornithologist?
Srinagar, Kashmir.
Q27. Which National Park is the largest reserve for Bengal Tigers?
Sunderbans National Park, 24 Parganas, W. Bengal.
Q28. Which National Park has three big lakes within it and what are they?
Ranathambore National Park, Sawai Madhopur, Rajasthan. It has three big lakes named Padam, Malik and Raj Bagh.
Q29. Where is the valley of flowers National Park?
Garhwal region of Uttarakhand.
Q30. Which Sanctuary has the largest population of one horned rhinoceros in the world?
Pobitora wild life sanctuary, Morigaon, Assam.
Q31. Where is the (only) National Park, for the world's rare specie of Indian wild ass?
Gulf of Kuchch National Park.
Q32. Where are the National Parks within city limits in India?
1. Guindy National Park, Chennai, Tamil Nadu. 2. Kasu Brahmananda Reddy National Park, Hyderabad, A.P. 3. Van Vihar National Park, Bhopal, M.P.
Q33. Which is the largest Zoological Garden of India?
Aringnar Anna Zoological Park, Vandalur, Chennai - 1980 - spread over 1300 acres. One of the largest in South Asia.
Q34. Which is the second largest Zoo of India?
Indira Gandhi Zoological Park, 1972 - Hyderabad, 425 acres.
Q35. Who established the famous crocodile and snake park at Chennai?
James Whitaker. Established in 1976, it is a reptile and herpetology research station now located near Mahabalipuram, Chennai, houses crocodiles and snakes.
Q36. Where is the Marble Palace Zoo located?
Kolkata - Located along the palatial mansion built by Raja Rajendra Mullick in 1835. One of the oldest zoo of India.
Q37. Mysore Zoo was established by the patronage of?
Woodeyar Dynasty rulers in 1892.
Q38. Where is Sepahizala Zoo?
Tripura.
Q39. What is unique about Padmaja Naidu Himalayan Zoological Park?
Located at an altitude of 2135.5 mtrs above sea level spread across 44 hectares in Darjeeling, West Bengal.
Q40. Parasinakadavu Snake Park in Kerala?
Located in Kannur Dt., Kerala, it houses nearly 150 varieties of snakes which includes cobras, King cobras etc.
Q41. Which is the world's first National Park?
Yosemite National Park, Wyoming, USA - established in 1872.
Q42. Which is the World's Second National Park?
Royal National Park, Sydney - established in 1879.
Q43. What is IUCN related to conservation of Nature?
International Union for Conservation of Nature. Established in 1948 and Headquartered at Gland, Switzerland.
Q44. What is IUCN Red List?
A comprehensive inventory of global conservation status of plant and animal species.
Q45. What are the extinction or possible extinction classification of plant and animals according to the IUCN Red List?
EX - Extinct - No individual remaining.
EW - Extinct in the wild - known only to survive in captivity.
CR - Critically endangered - Extremely high risk of extinction in the world.
EN - Endangered - High risk of extinction in the world.
VU - Vulnerable - High risk of endangerment in the world.
LC - Least concern - Lowest risk - wide spread and abundant.
Q46. Where is the famous and one of the largest National Park - the Serengeti National Park?
Tanzania - It is about 14,500 Sq.Km. area.
Q47. Where is the Jasper National Park Located?
Canada.
Q48. In which Zoo a few tigers died in 2001?
Nandakanan Zoological Park, Bhubaneshwar.
Q49. Who is the first ruler of India to order the establishment of wild life sanctuaries?
Asoka.
Q50. How many tiger sanctuaries are there in India?
28
Q51. Which is India's first Lion Safari Park?
Nehru Zoological Park - Hyderabad - 17.3.1974 - spread across 33 acres.
Q52. In which National Park is the famous "old faithful geyser"
Yellow stone National Park, USA.
Q53. How was Jim Corbett National Park known earlier?
First it was called Hailey's National Park, then Ramganga National Park and from 1951 it came to be known Jim Corbett National Park.