It refers to the southernmost point on the surface of the earth.

3000 meters. Obviously the surface of the South Pole is at high altitude. Antarctica is here in the South Pole.

Yes, there is. The polar ice sheet is moving at a rate of 10 meters per year, so that exact position of the pole, relative to the ice surface and the buildings constructed on it, gradually shifts overtime. The South Pole marker is repositioned each year to reflect this.

Ronald Amundsen of Norway in 1911.

Polheim.

HAKKON VII VIDDE - named after King Hakkon VII of Norway.

The entire team perished due to severe cold and starvation.

Got frozen in the pack ice and sank 11 months later.

Richard Elvyn Byrd,a Rear Admiral of USA on 29.11.1929.

George Dufek, USA on 31.10.1956.

New Zealand.

TIM JARVIS and PETER TRESEDER of Australia - in 47 days in 1999 with 200 Kg man hauled sleds.

Located a few meters away from the geographical South Pole, in an area set aside for photo opportunities at Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station. It consists of a metallic sphere on a plinth, surrounded by the flags of the Atlantic Treaty Organisation signatories. Because the ice cap moves by 10 mts every year, the stakes is replaced every year on the New Year Day.

It is the point where the axis of the best fitting tilted dipole intersects the Earth's surface in the Southern Hemisphere.

It is the point on the Earth's surface where the Geomagnetic field lines are directed vertically upwards.

It is the point on the Antarctic continent that is most distant from Southern ocean.

The northern most point on the Earth's surface, where Earth's axis of rotation intersects the Earth's surface.

The point on the earth's surface where the Earth's magnetic field points directly downwards. Located in Canada. Identified and located by James Clark Ross, A British Naval Officer.

The point of intersection of the sun's surface with the axis of a single magnetic dipole (like a bar magnet) that best approximates the Earth's actual more complex magnetic field.

The point in the Arctic Ocean farthest from land.

An imaginary point in the northern sky towards which the Earth's axis of rotation points.

Ronald Amundsen of Norway on 12.5.1926 in an airship called NORGE.

Pavel Gordiyenko of Russia and five others on 23.4.1948.

USS SKATE on 17.3.1959.

Aarktika of Russia on 17.8.1977.

Experiences 24 hours of day light during summer and 24 hours of night during winter.

Both does not occur on a 24 hour cycle. Sunrise begins at the Vernal Equinox, taking 3 months for the Sun to reach its highest point at the Summer Solstice when sunset begins taking 3 months to reach sunset at the Autumnal Equinox. A similar effect can be observed at the South Pole, but, with a 6 months difference. This day night effect is in stark contrast to what is observed at the equator.

No particular time zone has been assigned to the North Pole. Expeditions may use any time zone that is convenient, such as GMT, or the time zone of the country they departed from.

South Pole.

Continent.

13600000 SQKM. 98% coverage by ice sheets and 2% of barren land.

Extremely cold region with permanent glaciers covering the entire stretch, with 1.6 Kms of thick ice sheet.

The South Polar regions. It also refers to that part of the earth's surface that lies within the Antarctic circle on the earth - latitude 66 degree south.

An imaginary circle on the earth at 23.5 degree from the South Pole. There is perpetual day during mid summer and perpetual night during southern mid winter.

The regions of the North Pole that lie near the pole; the regions within the Arctic circle - latitude 66 degree 32' North.

An imaginary circle on the Earth at a distance of 23.5 degree from the North Pole.

The region within the Arctic and Antarctic circles that is within the 23.5 degree of the poles. These regions have long cold winters.

Regions lying south of the Arctic ice desert. It stretches along the Arctic shores of Europe, Asia and America. These plains are frozen to a great depth.

Eskimos.

Igloo.

Sledge or Kayak.

REINDEER - it provides milk, meat and skin for clothing and tent and they are also used as transport.

1981 from Goa.

Dr.S.K.Qasim.

A mass stretch of ice covering the land in polar regions. Huge ice caps, such as that covers Antarctica and much of Greenland, also called ice sheets.

Dome A - 4093 meters.

A recent geological period when a great part of the land in the northern hemisphere was covered by ice. A generic geological period of long term reduction in the temperature of the Earth's surface and atmosphere, resulting in the presence or expansion of continental ice sheets, polar ice sheets and alpine glaciers.

A recent geological period when a great part of the land in the northern hemisphere was covered by ice. A generic geological period of long term reduction in the temperature of the Earth's surface and atmosphere, resulting in the presence or expansion of continental ice sheets, polar ice sheets and alpine glaciers.

Mass of ice which breaks away from the ends of great glaciers in the polar regions and drifts away as a solid mass.

The covering of a part of the earth's surface by an ice sheet is called glacier. The process of such formation is called glaciation. Huge mass of ice which moves very slowly from the snowline down a mountain valley is also called a glacier.

Polar regions.

Siachen - in the north west region of India. Obviously, the largest glaciest part of India and Asia.

Lambert Fisher - Antarctica. 515 Kms in length.

They contain about 75% of world's fresh water. If all of them melt at one time, it will increase world's sea level by about 70 meters.

A region of permanent snow which accumulates in a basin shaped hollow at high altitude or on mountains.

The height on mountains, above which snow remains in a solid state always.

1. DAKSHIN GANGOTRI : Established during India's third expedition during 1983-84. Now in disuse.
2. MAITRI - Built in 1989 - located at the place called "Shirmacher Oasis".

The Last Man Hill, Antarctica.

World's windiest, coldest and one of the driest place.

Inches per day.

Aletsh.

Boerge Ousland of Norway in May 1990.

B 15A ice berg.

Vostok, Antarctica.

James Bransfield, William Smith of UK were the first explorers and roughly identify the Antarctic Peninsula in 1821. Later in February 1821, a team of seven explorers reached Antarctica. John Davis of USA, one of the team member, was the first to land in Antarctica.